白浆土某些理化特性与改良的研究  

RESEARCH ON SOME PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND IMPROVEMENT OF PLANOSOLS

作　　者：贾会彬[1] 刘峰[1] 赵德林[1] 张春峰[1] 王志泰 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院合江农科所,154007

出　　处：《土壤学报》1997年第2期130-137,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

摘　　要：为了有效地开展白浆土改良工作，自1986年开始，作者对白浆上某些理化特性进行了调查。结果表明，白浆土关键问题在于白浆层。主要表现在两个方面：一是该层土壤水分性状不良，有效水不足，只有5.39％，透水能力差，饱和透水系数仅为6.08×10-5cm／s；二是土壤硬度过大，达25kg／cm2以上。由于白浆层土壤出现部位浅，矛盾集中反映在耕层，造成耕层根系有效上层浅，表旱表涝严重，直接混入耕层后，土壤压缩性降低、耕性变劣。白浆上耕层的磷素主要以有机态形式存在，分级磷含量顺序为Fe-P＞Al-P＞Ca-P。磷肥培养试验中的磷约50％-60％转化为Ca-P,10％-20％转化为Al-P，2％-10％转化为Fe-P。To efficiently improve planosols in Sanjiang Plain in the northeastern part of China, the physical-chemical properties of planosols have been investigated since 1986.The results showed that the A. layer, about 18-40km in depth, was the key problem in planosol. In the subsoil layer, the water regime is poor with only 5.39% available water. The soil permeability is only 6.08 ×10-5cm /s in saturation. Meanwhile, the soil hardness in over 25kg /cm2. Because the Aw layer is so close to the surface soil that many problems occur in the ploughing layer, such as shalow available soil layer for crop roots, heavy water lotong and drough. When this layer was ploughed into surface soil, the mixed soil could became harder and tighter than before.Nearly 65% of total phosphorus was observed to be organic phosphorus in Ap layer and the contents of p fractions are in the order: Fe-P>Al-P>Ca-P. During the soil incubation, 50%-60%, 10%-20% and 2%-10% of the applied p were changed into Ca-P, Al-P and Fe-P, respectively. According to above-mentioned results, emphasis of the soil improvement should be placed on the Aw layer.

关 键 词：白浆土 理化性状 磷素 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S156.99[农业科学—土壤学]