超分子构筑调控合成结构规整的梯形聚合物及其应用研究  

WELL-DEFINED LADDER POLYMERS SYNTHESIZED via SUPRAMOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

作　　者：周奇龙[1] 闫寿科[1] 谢萍[1] 张榕本[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化学研究所高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室,北京100080

出　　处：《高分子学报》2007年第10期918-930,共13页Acta Polymerica Sinica

摘　　要：综述了"超分子构筑调控的逐步偶联/聚合法",该方法将高分子化学与超分子化学相结合,利用多种类型的超分子弱键协同作用首先构筑预期的梯形超分子结构,再经聚合得到共价键梯形高分子.利用该方法合成了一系列结构规整的氧桥基和有机桥基梯形聚硅氧烷以及碳基梯形聚酯,并利用侧基间π-π叠加作用实现了对聚合物立体构型控制.扼要介绍了梯形聚合物在先进材料方面的应用,例如梯形聚硅氧烷液晶光致取向膜;由梯形聚硅氧烷合成的管状聚硅氧烷在高室温储存期微电子环氧塑封料方面的应用;以及基于梯形聚硅氧烷的拟筛板聚合物在二阶非线性光学材料方面的应用等.Controlling the microstructure during polymer synthesis is an important goal in contemporary research on polymer chemistry;it is also a subject of advanced interdisciplinary studies of polymer science, supramolecular and material science. Ladder-like polymer has attracted much attention in recent years because it, in theory, has better resistance to all kinds of degradation than the conventional polymer with single-chain. ＂Suprarmolecular architecture directed stepwise/coupling polymerization＂ （SCP）, reviewed in this paper, is a polymerization method combining polymer chemistry with supramolecular chemistry. In SCP, supramolecular structure is formed at first by using weak interaction between molecules; then polymerization is conducted. Some ladder-like polymers with well-defined structure were synthesized by using SCP, including polysilsesquioxane with organo or oxygenic bridge and polyester. In other words, SCP realized the goal of controlling the microstructure with supramolecular weak interaction. In addition, this paper also discussed the applications of ladder polymers to advanced materials, such as the application in liquid crystals with ladder polymer backbone, tubular polymer based on ladder-like polymer used in entrapping the curing agent of epoxy, and quasi-sieve polymer which can be used in the preparation of NLO maerials.

关 键 词：超分子化学 逐步/偶联聚合法 梯形高分子 液晶 微观结构 

分 类 号：O631.3[理学—高分子化学]