中国流域水环境污染综合防治战略  

The strategy of comprehensive pollution prevention and cure of water environment in Chinese watershed

作　　者：孟伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2007年第5期712-716,共5页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2002CB4124);国家"十五"科技攻关计划项目(2003BA614A-04)

摘　　要：目前我国流域水污染控制压力巨大,如何采取科学有效的污染防治战略是关键.对我国流域水环境污染与防治现状进行了深入评估,分析了造成水环境污染和环境保护滞后的主要原因.当前我国水污染防治缺乏流域尺度的综合防治理念指导,表现为污染控制指标单一、水环境特征区域差异不清、基准标准体系不够健全以及水环境保护与社会经济未能实现协调发展等问题.针对上述问题,提出了我国流域水环境污染防治的"分类、分区、分级、分期"控制原则,阐述了各类控制原则的具体内容,为国家流域水污染防治策略科学制定提供技术支持.Watersheds in China are facing great pressure from water pollution at present. To formulate an effective and scientific-sound strategy has become a critical issue in water pollution prevention and cure. The author has thoroughly evaluated the current issues of pollution prevention and cure strategy in aquatic environment and analyzed these major factors that cause the shortfall of water pollution prevention and cure in China. They are the lack of the guidelines for water pollution prevention and cure in watershed scale, the lack of comprehensive prevention and cure measurements, the lack of the differentiation analysis of the diversified aquatic environments, the lack of a complete water quality criteria system and the lack of the coordination between water pollution prevention and social economic development, In response to these issues the author proposes the principle of ＂by categories, by regions, by classes and by phases＂, which can apply to the pollution prevention and cure in aquatic environment of China. This principle is discussed in such details, so it can provide the scientific basis in the formulation of national strategy of water pollution prevention and cure of China.

关 键 词：中国 水污染防治 流域管理 战略对策 

分 类 号：X820[环境科学与工程—环境工程]