论宁波方言和苏州方言前高元音的区别特征——兼谈高元音继续高化现象  

On the distinctive features for the high front vowels in Ningbo and Suzhou Wu dialects with reference to sound changes of high vowels

作　　者：胡方[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《中国语文》2007年第5期455-465,共11页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：本文利用发音生理和声学语音材料讨论吴语宁波方言和苏州方言的前高元音的区别特征。文章发现宁波话3个前高元音[i y Y]拥有相似的舌位,其区别主要来自于唇型不同,其中[i]为展唇、[y]为水平撮唇、[Y]为垂直撮唇;苏州话4个前高元音[i y I Y]之间音位对立的区别特征则是[擦音性],苏州[I Y]在声学语音上可与一般语言中的前高元音[i y]类比,而苏州[i y]则是带有强摩擦的元音。结合语音学分析与历史演变脉络,文章认为两地前高元音之间这种强标记性的音位对立格局的形成来源于高元音继续高化这一历史音变。This paper describes the distinctive features for the high front vowels in Ningbo and Suzhou Wu dialects.The articulatory data show that the three high front vowels[i y Y]in Ningbo have a similar lingual configuration but differ in lip gestures,namely spread for[i], horizontal protrusion for[y],and vertical protrusion for[Y].The results are supported by the acoustic data.The feature of frication distinguishes the four high front vowels[i y I Y]in Suzhou into two groups:[i Y]in Suzhou are comparable to the plain[i y]in other dialects or languages;[i y]in Suzhou are fricative vowels.On the basis of the presented phonetic evidence,the paper discusses the historical development of the high front vowels in these two dialects in particular and in Chinese dialects in general.

关 键 词：区别特征 圆唇 水平撮唇 垂直撮唇 擦音性 高元音继续高化 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]