濒危植物南川升麻生殖特性的研究  

STUDIES ON THE REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF CIMICIFUGA NANCHUANENSIS(RANUNCULACEAE) ,AN ENDEMIC ENDANGERED SPECIES TO CHINA

作　　者：奇文清[1] 冯云[1] 陈朱希昭 李正理[1] 尤瑞麟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1997年第1期7-10,共4页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号39391500)

摘　　要：研究了南川升麻(Cimicifuga nanchuanensis)的生殖生物学特性,并探讨了其致濒的原因。南川升麻只分布在中国四川省金佛山地区,仅1个居群,个体总数6000～8000株,其中开花植株约占19％左右;花序圆锥状,花期8月中至10月初。11月中下旬果实成熟。南川升麻雌雄异熟,表现为大约花谢7d后柱头才发育成熟;自然条件下可正常受精,但频率低,结籽率平均仅为5.8％～7.0％.可授期内人工异株授粉,结籽率可提高到28.0％;胚乳核型,种子脱落时胚只发育到球形阶段。南川升麻有性生殖中花粉限制是致濒的一个重要因素。Aspects of the reproductive biology of Cimicifuga nanchuanensis Hsiao have been studied to shed light on the endangerment of this species, endemic to Jingfo Mountain in Sichuan Province of China.The only one population of C. nanchuanensis includes 6 000 - 8 000 individuals, in which adult blooming plants account for 19% . Inflorescence is panicle, flowering period lasts from mid August to early October and fruits ripe in mid or late November. C. nanchuanensis is dichogamous and the stigmas mature 7 days after withering of flower. In natural conditions the rate of seed-setting is 5.8% - 7. 0% in average. However, hand pollination can raise the rate greatly to 28. 0% . Endosperm type is nuclear and embryos are just at the globular stage when seeds shed from their maternal plants. Pollen limitation is one of the reasons for this species endangerment.

关 键 词：毛茛科 南川升麻 濒危植物 生殖特性 

分 类 号：Q949.746.5[生物学—植物学]