铝电解过程对电解铝液的净化作用探讨  

Discussion of purification effect of electrolyte liquid-Al on electrolyte aluminum techniques

作　　者：贺永东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《轻金属》2007年第9期32-36,共5页Light Metals

基　　金：国家重大基础研究发展规划项目(2005CB623706)资助

摘　　要：本文对比分析了采用长流程、短流程工艺熔铸铝合金过程中,氢和氧化铝夹杂的形成过程。分析了铝电解工艺过程对电解铝液的自净化作用。电解铝的工作介质为冰晶石熔体,对氧化铝有良好的溶解性能,通过溶解电解液-铝液界面上的氧化铝达到脱氢除杂的效果。电解铝液中存在的微量稀土具有固氢排杂的作用。现代大型铝电解槽电流强度达到350kA,存在于铝液中的不导电、不被铝液润湿的氧化铝夹杂,在强烈电磁场的耦合作用下聚集沉降在电解槽的边部、角部或铝液漩涡的交界处。The course of formation of hydrogen and dioxide inclusion has been compared to analyze during melting and casting aluminum alloy ingots in short - flow process or long - flow process. The effect of purification of electrolyte techniques to electrolyte liquid - A1 has been analyzed. Cryolite has a good ability to dissolve alumina, by dissolving alumina on the interface of electrolyte and electrolyte liquid - Al to get rid of hydrogen and dioxide inclu- sion. Minor thulium existing in electrolyte liquid - Al has the effect of fixing up hydrogen and removing dioxide inclusion. Current of modern large - scale aluminum electrolyte cells achieves 300KA. Dioxide inclusion existing in the electrolyte liquid - Al has not the properties of conduct electricity and wetted by aluminum. Dioxide inclusion congregate and settle to the conner and side of electrolyte celt or on the boundary of the swirls by the coupling effect of strongly electromagnetic.

关 键 词：电解铝液 水解 电解 H2O H2 阳极效应 冶金遗传 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]