松乳菇子实体多糖提取工艺及其组分的研究  

Crude Polysaccharide from Lactarius deliciosus Fruit bodies: Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Polysaccharide Composition

作　　者：李河[1] 周国英[1] 兰贵红[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学资源与环境学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都637001

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2007年第3期58-61,共4页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目"松乳菇及其DNA指纹研究"(编号:01JJY2076)的部分研究内容

摘　　要：以多糖得率为指标,对松乳菇子实体预处理方式、乙醇沉淀浓度和提取次数进行比较,并选择对松乳菇多糖提取影响较大的三个因素(时间、料水比、温度)设计正交试验优化多糖提取条件,结果表明,松乳菇子实体粗多糖提取较好的条件是:干燥子实体粉碎后过40目筛,乙醇沉淀浓度为80%;提取2次可得到7.42%的粗多糖;正交试验表明,提取时间2.5h,料水比1∶25(w/v),温度85℃为松乳菇多糖提取的最佳组合。用纸层析法分析松乳菇多糖,表明其含有葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖和甘露糖等单糖。Various parameters including the nature of the starting material （i. e. powdered versus chipped fruit bodies）, ethanol concentration used for precipitation and extraction frequency were compared in order to optimise the conditions for extracting crude polysaccharide from Lactarius deliciosus fruit bodies using polysaccharide yields as an index of extraction efficiency. Higher polysaccharide yields were obtained when extractions were carried out using powdered L. deliciosus fruit bodies compared with fruit body chips, and 80% （v/v） ethanol was most economic for polysaccharide precipitation. Crude polysaccharide yields of 7.42% were obtained from powdered fruit body material after two consecutive extractions using distilled water. Application of orthogonal testing revealed that the optimal conditions for extracting L. deliciosus polysaccharide were as follows： solid ： liquid ratio 1 ： 25 （fruit body dry weight ： water）, and extraction for 2.5 h at 80 ℃. Paper chromatography revealed that the crude polysaccharide material was composed of four monosaccharides： glucose, fructose, mannose and galactose.

关 键 词：松乳菇 子实体 提取条件 多糖组分 

分 类 号：TQ28[化学工程—有机化工]