金属材料非固态压力体积成形中的不等体积原理  

Inequality-volume Principle of Non-solid Metal Materials Forming

作　　者：邢书明[1] 孙永忠 张密兰[1] 李楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机电学院 [2]衡水宝力铁路电气化器材有限公司

出　　处：《特种铸造及有色合金》2007年第10期763-766,共4页Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys

摘　　要：金属材料在液态或半固态等非固态下成形时,由于材料自身的冷却、凝固以及模具和型芯在高温和高压作用下的变形和压头挤压以及挤入式型芯的挤入等原因,使成形前后的型腔体积和材料自身的体积发生明显变化,这一现象称为非固态成形的不等体积现象。为了获得组织致密的产品,要求成形后的材料体积必须小于成形前浇入模腔的材料体积,其差值就是材料成形过程的可压缩体积。或者要求型腔的初始容积必须大于成形后金属占据的体积,其差值就是挤入式型芯的挤入体积与压头的挤压运动体积之和。这一规律称为非固态体积成形的不等体积原理。The volumetric principle of solid materials in plastic processing is no longer suitable for non-solid material processing. The volume of cavity and materials itself be contracted due to the cooling of materials itself, solidification as well as the distortion of the mold and the core under high temperature and high pressure in the non-solid forming processing such as liquid or semi-solid, the volume of cavity and materials itself after and before forming are varied apparently, which is called the phenomenon of inequality-volume of non-solid processing. In order to obtain the compact product, it is required that the volume of the materials after forming should be smaller than the volume of material poured into the cavity before processing, whose differential value is the potential compression volume of the materials so as to be compressed during processing. In other words, it is required that the initial volume of the cavity must be bigger than the volume of the metal occupied after forming, whose differential value is the sum of the squeezing volume of the extruded core and the exerted volume of the plunger, which is called the principle of inequality-volume of non-solid processing.

关 键 词：非固态成形 不等体积原理 模具设计 工艺设计 质量控制 

分 类 号：TG249[金属学及工艺—铸造]