新型植物灭螺剂HL对钉螺作用机制研究  

Mechanism of action of a plant molluscide HL on Oncomelania hupensis

作　　者：张仪[1] 朱丹[1] 李洪军[2] 刘和香[1] 梁幼生[2] 许学年[1] 李文新[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所、世界卫生组织疟疾、血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心,卫生部寄生虫病重点实验室,上海200025 [2]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所,无锡214064 [3]华中师范大学生命科学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2007年第10期978-981,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：国家"863"血吸虫病防治研究专项资助项目(2004AA2Z3550)

摘　　要：目的通过观察新型植物灭螺剂HL对钉螺体内酶活性的影响,以期阐明HL类植物灭螺药物对钉螺的作用机理。方法将钉螺分别浸泡于25mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L HL植物灭螺剂和去氯水中48h后,去壳、分离软体、置冰冻切片机切片,用酶组织化学方法显示乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、细胞色素C氧化酶(CCo)和一氧化氮合酶(NOS),观察其变化,并采用显微图像分析系统,通过比较灰度值定量测定其活性。结果钉螺LDH、SDH、AChE、CCo和NOS定位于肌纤维、口囊、表膜、神经节、消化腺、咽管等部位酶活性随浸泡HL灭螺剂浓度的增大而酶活性减弱越明显,且与对照组有显著差异。结论HL的灭螺作用机制可能是由于破坏钉螺体内神经效应与信息分子传递,以及抑制能量供应,最终引起钉螺死亡。其作用机制与氯硝柳胺相似。To observe the effect of a plant molluscide HL on Oncomelania hupensis in order to explore its mechanism of action,the snails were immersed into HL and water in different concentrations（25 mg/L,50 mg/L and 100 mh/L） ,and then the soft tissues of snails were separated and the sections of snail tissues were made with Cryostat Microtome. The enzymatic activities of LDH, SDH,AChE,CCo and NOS of O. hupensis were examined by enzyme-histochemical technology and the staining reaction of the snail tissues as well as the average gray density were observed with image analysis system of biomicroscopy. It was found that the enzymatic activities of LDH, SDH, ACHE, CCo and NOS in the muscle fibers, ganglia, mouth, liver, pharyngeal cavity and tegum entary membrane were decreased after immersion with different concentrations of HL. The more concentrated HL to be used , the more prominent in the decreased enzymatic activity appeared,and there showed significant differences with that of the control group. It is possible that the mechanism of action for HL may be due to the breakage of nerve transmission and signal transduction within snail bodies,thus causing inhibition energy supplies and ultimate death. Therefore, this mechanism of action is quite similar to that of niclosam.

关 键 词：植物灭螺剂 钉螺 乳酸脱氢酶 琥珀酸脱氢酶 乙酰胆碱酯酶 细胞色素C氧化酶 一氧化氮合酶 

分 类 号：R383.2[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]