利用TRMM卫星资料分析“桑美”台风云系特征  

Cloud Characters of Typhoon SAOMEI on the TRMM Satellite Data

作　　者：王新利 唐传师 刘显通[2] 夏秋萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]南昌市气象台 [2]中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院 [3]中国人民解放军92919部队气象台

出　　处：《气象与减灾研究》2007年第3期7-11,F0002,F0003,共7页Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40675027)

摘　　要：利用TRMM卫星测雨雷达、微波成像仪探测结果,结合天气图、FY-2c卫星云图、南昌多普勒雷达图,对"桑美"台风活动的大气环流、不同阶段云系特点,以及云中冰、水结构进行了分析。结果表明,"桑美"云系在洋面时有清晰的台风眼和云墙结构,螺旋云带范围较大,在云墙和螺旋云带处存在较强降水;临近登陆时螺旋云带和降水范围明显减小,但云墙处分布大量冰粒子和水粒子,云墙处对流极其强烈,中心区域强降水云系更为紧密;登陆后云墙结构消散,强度减弱。"桑美"登陆后降水水平范围明显减小,且中心处的降水强度也要小于在洋面时,台风云顶高度明显小于在洋面时。"桑美"登陆后在江西境内的对流降水样本比例和降水贡献率都远高于在洋面上,其中10～20 mm/h对流性降水贡献率达46.7%,导致江西局部产生大暴雨。Combined with synoptic charts, FY-2c satellite imagery and the Nanchang Doppler weather radar, the data of TRMM satellite weather radar and the microwave instrument have been employed to analyze the atmospheric circulation, the cloud characteristics and the structure of ice and water of Typhoon SAOMEI. The result indicates that SAOMEI has clear eye, cloud wall and large spiral rain bands. The heavy rain occurs among the cloud wall and spiral rain bands when it is over the sea. When it is near landing, the area of spiral rain bands and precipitation become less, but there are more ice and water drops in the cloud wall where intense convection and heavy precipitation exist in the core. The cloud wall weakens and dissipates after its landing, so that the area of precipitation, the precipitation density of core area and the height of cloud are all less than those over the sea, and the precipitation example rate and contribution rate are larger than those over the sea. The convective precipitation （10-20 mm/h） contribution rate reaches as large as 46.7% that cause the severe rainstorm in some regions of Jiangxi.

关 键 词：TRMM卫星 “桑美”台风 雨谱 降水廓线 

分 类 号：P412.27[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P444