设施黄瓜连作和轮作中土壤微生物群落多样性的变化及其与产量品质的关系  

Effect of Monocropping and Rotation on Soil Microbial Community Diversity and Cucumber Yield, Quality Under Protected Cultivation

作　　者：吴凤芝[1] 王学征[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2007年第10期2274-2280,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30571264);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C0215);黑龙江省教育厅项目(9541004)

摘　　要：【目的】研究设施黄瓜连作和轮作中,土壤微生物多样性的变化及其对产量品质的影响。【方法】利用RAPD技术研究了设施黄瓜连作和轮作对土壤微生物群落DNA序列多样性及产量品质的影响。【结果】连作黄瓜2年和7年的土壤微生物群落多样性指数、丰富度及其均匀度指数均随着黄瓜种植年限的增加而降低,黄瓜产量显著下降。而对于15、18和21年3种轮作种植的土壤,尽管其种植年限较长,但其微生物群落DNA序列多样性及均匀度均高于7年黄瓜连作的土壤,而且黄瓜VC含量均高于连作土壤。【结论】设施栽培条件下,轮作有利于土壤微生物群落的多样性和稳定性的提高,有利于土壤生态环境的改善和黄瓜产量品质的形成。[Objective] The objective of the experiment is to study the effect of monocropping and rotation on microbial community diversity and cucumber yield and quality. [Method] RAPD techniques were adopted to study the effect of monocropping and rotation on DNA sequence diversity of microbial community and cucumber yield and quality. [Result] The diversity index, richness and evenness index of microbial community in the 2-year and 7-year monocropping soil decreased with the increasing of planting history, and cucumber yield dropped obviously. However, in 15-year, 18-year and 21-year rotation soil, even though the planting history was longer, the DNA sequence diversity and evenness of microbial community were both higher than those in the 7-year monocropping soil, and also the vitamin C content in cucumber of rotation was higher than that of monocropping. [Conclusion] Under protected cultivation, crop rotation is propitious to DNA sequence diversity and stability of microbial community, increases the cucumber yield and quality, and improves soil ecological environment.

关 键 词：RAPD 多样性指数 均匀度指数 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S154.3[农业科学—园艺学]