砷、铬胁迫对蔬菜生长性状及产品安全性的影响  

Effects of As and Cr on the Vegetable Growth of Characteristics and Products Safety

作　　者：赵明[1] 赵征宇[1] 蔡葵[1] 于秋华[1] 王文娇[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛市农业科学研究院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第B10期489-493,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

摘　　要：采用土培盆栽试验进行了外源砷、铬污染对蔬菜生长、产量和安全性的影响研究。结果表明，黄瓜、芸豆和甘蓝营养生长期生物量在土壤添加砷10mg·kg^-1土时分别减少46．7％、72．4％和40．9％，在土壤添加铬500mg·kg^-1土时分别减少51．4％、39．8％和34．1％。施砷量达到40mg·kg^-1土时黄瓜和甘蓝的产量分别减少54．4％和18．8％，芸豆几乎绝产；不同施铬量可造成黄瓜产量减少24．3％～29．2％：施铬量200mg·kg^-1以下时甘蓝增产11．3％～63．9％，施铬量达到500mg·kg^-1土时甘蓝减产27．0％；不同施铭量对芸豆产量的影响不规律。土壤砷含量与黄瓜、芸豆和甘蓝产品中的砷累计量相关性、土壤铬含量与黄瓜中的铬累计量相关性较高。供试条件下，黄瓜、芸豆和甘蓝产品中的砷、铬含量均未超过国家蔬菜食品卫生标准限量，说明土壤砷、铬污染对蔬菜生产的影响主要是使蔬菜的营养生长受到抑制和产量降低，对蔬菜食品的安全性危害较小。A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of As and Cr stress on the growth, yield and safety of vegetable. The results showed that adding 10 mg·kg^-1 As to soil, the biomass of cucumber, kidney bean and cabbage reduced 46.7% ,72.4% ,40.9% respectively during nutritive growth. While adding 500 mg·kg^-1 Cr, it reduced 51.4% ,39.8%, 34.1% ,respectively. With the addition of 40 mg·kg^-1 As, the yield of cucumber, kidney bean and cabbage reduced 54.4% , 18.8% ,100% , respectively. The yield of cucumber reduced 24.3% - 29.2% by adding different concentrations Cr . The yield of cabbage increased 11.3% - 63.9% with 200 mg·kg^-1 of Cr, while it reduced 27.0% up to 500 mg·kg^-1. The effects of Cr concentrations had a little influence on the yield of kidney bean. The concentrations of As in soil were significantly correlated with the accumulations of As in the products of cucumber, kidney bean and cabbage. The Cr concentrations were significantly correlated with cucumber. The concentrations of As and Cr in cucumber, kidney bean and cabbage products accorded with the National Food Safety Standards under experimental conditions, which indicated that the effect of As and Cr on vegetable process mainly restrained the vegetable nutritive growth ,decreased the yield and had a little hazard to vegetable safety.

关 键 词：土壤 砷 铬 蔬菜 生长 产量 安全 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]