切片电镜方法对炸药粒子内部结构的研究  

Intrinsic Textures of Explosive Particles Determined by Sliced Crystals Preparation-Section SEM Methods

作　　者：郁卫飞[1] 黄辉[1] 商遥[2] 李伟[1] 程克梅[1] 聂福德[1] 曾贵玉[1] 黄明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621900 [2]防化指挥工程学院军事化学教研室,北京102205

出　　处：《含能材料》2007年第5期474-477,489,共5页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院重大基金(2004z0503);中国工程物理研究院科学基金(20040541)资助项目

摘　　要：将炸药粒子用树脂包埋固定,切片,然后溶解脱除包埋剂,并对其进行电镜检测,研究了炸药重结晶粒子的内部结构。探讨了类球形3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮(NTO)粒子的生长方式;研究了γ-丁内酯、环己酮和丙酮等三种溶剂重结晶RDX粒子内部均存在的裂纹、孔洞等微缺陷,比较了三种重结晶粒子内部结构的规整性;制备了两种膨化硝铵粒子的切片,电镜测试表明质量较好的膨化硝铵样品晶粒内部存在着非常多的孔洞,呈蜂窝状,多数孔洞的孔径小于10μm,而参照样内部孔洞数量较少,孔径在数微米至十几微米之间。Sliced crystals of explosive were obtained according to the following process, embedding of explosive crystals inside resin, slicing of resin into pieces,and dissolving of surrounded resin. The sliced crystals of recrystallized spheroidic NTO were prepared and the SEM images were employed for the growth pattern explanation of the spberoidic NTO particles. The sliced crystals of RDX recrystallized respectively in T-butyrolactone, cyclohexanone and acetone were prepared, the SEM images of all the three crystals showed the tiny cracks and holes. The crystallinity of three RDX crystals samples were compared. The sliced crystals of two expanded ammonium nitrate particles were prepared and the SEM images showed alveolate holes with diameter less than 10 micron inside the sample of good quality and a few holes with diameter round 10 micron inside the reference sample. The sliced crystals-section SEM methods was conferred to provide the microstructures inside the crystals intuitively including micropore ,crack ,and other disfigurement. The method and intrinsic textures information would be beneficial to the quality evaluation of recrystallization ,influences of crystal defects on explosives sensitivity,and sensitizing/desensitizing of explosives particles etc.

关 键 词：分析化学 炸药 重结晶 切片 扫描电镜 3-硝基-1 2 4-三唑-5-酮(NTO) RDX 膨化硝铵 

分 类 号：TQ560.72[化学工程—炸药化工]