一种改进型磁流变阻尼器用于宽频隔振研究  

Research on improved magnetorheological damper for wide-band vibration control

作　　者：涂奉臣[1] 陈照波[1] 李华[1] 焦映厚[1] 方勃[2] 黄文虎[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学航天学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2007年第5期484-488,共5页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划(B07018);国防科工委民用航天"十一五"重点资助项目(C4120062301);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(10632040)

摘　　要：磁流变阻尼器是新一代智能型耗能器,具有反应迅速、提供阻尼力大、控制方便等优点,是实现半主动振动控制的理想元件,目前已在工程领域得到较广泛的应用。但同其它常规流体阻尼器类似,在高频振动时会出现刚度硬化现象,使高频传递率增大,常规磁流变阻尼器多应用于较低频域的振动控制。针对这种情况,提出一种带有解耦机构的新型磁流变阻尼器,即在常规磁流变阻尼器内增加解耦机构。解耦机构的加入使磁流变阻尼器成为一个对振幅敏感的器件,即在不同的振幅下具有截然不同的刚度和阻尼特性。采用Bingham模型建立磁流变阻尼器的阻尼力模型,由隔振系统的动力学模型推导出传递率的表达式。通过对两种磁流变阻尼器进行仿真对比后认为:带有解耦机构的磁流变阻尼器在低频、大振幅时解耦机构几乎不起作用,新型磁流变阻尼器的性能与常规磁流变阻尼器相同,具有大阻尼特性;而在高频、小振幅时,解耦机构处于近似解耦状态,阻尼器具有小阻尼、低动刚度的特性,可减小高频传递率。Magnetorheological （MR） damper is a new smart device utilized in semi-active vibration control, which has less response time, greater damping force and is easy to control. But common MR damper can＇t be used in cases of high-frequency vibrations because of stiffness hardening, which leads to increase of displacement transmissibility at high frequencies. For this reason a new MR damper with decoupling mechanism is designed by adding decoupling mechanism into the common MR damper. The decoupling mechanism made the damper sensitive to vibration. This means that the damper has different stiffness and damping in case of different amplitude. Based on the Bingham fluid theory, model of present MR damper has been built, and transmissibility expression of the isolation system has been proposed. Dynamic characteristics have been emulated. The results show that the decoupling sheet doesn＇t work in case of low frequency and large amplitude vibration, and the damper presents high damping. In case of high frequency and small amplitude vibration, the decoupling sheet works and the damper presents small damping and stiffness. As a result, transmissibility at high frequencies decreased.

关 键 词：磁流变阻尼器 刚度硬化 解耦机构 

分 类 号：O328[理学—一般力学与力学基础]