遗传资源获取与惠益分享的立法典范——印度2002年《生物多样性法》评介  

A Model of Legislation on Access to and Benefit-sharing of Genetic Resources: — Comments on 2002 Biodiversity Bill in India

作　　者：秦天宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学环境法研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《生态经济（学术版）》2007年第2期9-12,26,共5页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"保护生物多样性法律问题研究"(编号:06036BFX)阶段性成果

摘　　要：印度是世界上生物多样性和遗传资源最为丰富的国家之一,同时也拥有大量的与遗传资源有关的传统知识。不过,近年来,国际社会出现了多起针对印度遗传资源及其相关传统知识的生物剽窃事件。在此背景下,印度制定了《生物多样性法》(2002),通过专门立法对遗传资源的获取与惠益分享进行严格的管制,以维护国家权益。在遗传资源获取与惠益分享领域,中国与印度具有很多类似的国情。因此,印度2002年《生物多样性法》可以为我国进行相关立法提供一些可资借鉴的经验。India is one of countries which have richest biodiversity and related traditional knowledge related to genetic resources in the world. However, there are several biopiracy cases against India＇s genetic resources and related traditional knowledge in recent years. Under such circumstance, India enacted the 2002 Biodiversity Bill to regulate strictly access to genetic resources and its benefit-sharing （ABS） in order to protect its national interests. In the field of ABS, China shares similar situations with India. Therefore, India＇s 2002 Biodviersity Bill can provide several valuable experiences and lessons for China＇s legislation on this issue.

关 键 词：遗传资源 获取与惠益分享 立法 印度 

分 类 号：D922.17[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]