中风偏瘫步态的生物力学及其运动学特征分析  

Biodynamic and kinematic characteristics of hemiplegic gait following stroke

作　　者：王桂茂[1] 齐瑞[2] 严隽陶[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学岳阳临床医学院,上海市200437 [2]上海中医药大学附属岳阳医院,上海市200437

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第40期8169-8172,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：上海市科委重大项目(03DZ19705)~~

摘　　要：目的:偏瘫步态是脑卒中引起的常见后遗症之一,分析偏瘫步态的运动学规律,可以加深对偏瘫步态病理特点的认识,从生物力学的角度有效指导患者的运动训练。方法:应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1995-01/2006-12的相关文章,检索词"偏瘫步态,运动解析",限定文章语言种类为中文。获得文章51篇。同时计算机检索PubMed Central1990-01/2006-12的相关文章,检索词"hemiplegic gait,gaitanalysis",限定文章语言种类为English,获得文章32篇。对资料进行初审,纳入标准:关于中风偏瘫步态运动学基础研究方面的文章。排除标准:重复性研究。对所得文献进行提炼,获得符合要求的文章29篇。其中RCT文章6篇,经验交流4篇。属于运动学或生物力学基础研究的文章19篇。结果:偏瘫步态是脑卒中引起的常见后遗症之一,也是全身功能异常的一种表现,具有显著地运动变化特征。可从其与正常步态的对比、基本的时-空参数分析、步态的对称性、重心的变化、躯体和骨盆的运动、下肢关节运动、健侧下肢与正常下肢的运动比较等几个方面对其进行运动学分析,从而加深对偏瘫步态的认识。本文主要阐述了偏瘫步态的运动学分析,临床康复治疗中,常通过骨盆控制训练与下肢协调性训练等以达到改善偏瘫步态,提高生活质量的目的,因而分析并明确骨盆与下肢关节运动中何者为影响步行能力的关键因素,将有助于明确训练中的侧重点。结论:分析偏瘫步态的运动规律,从生物力学的角度优化康复治疗方案,可对功能恢复产生重要的作用。AIM： Hemiplegic gait is one of the most common symptoms caused by stroke. The motion analysis of hemiplegic gait can deeply understand its pathological feature and effectively instruct the motor training of patients from biodynamics angle. METHODS： The relevant articles published between January 1995 and December 2006 were searched for in China Journal Full-text Database （CJFD） with the key words of ＂motion analysis, hemiplegic gait＂ in Chinese. Totally 51 articles were selected. Simultaneously, the articles were searched for in Pubmed Central Database with the key words of ＂hemiplegic gait ,gait analysis＂ published between January 1990 and December 2006 in English. Totally 32 articles were selected. The literatures were selected primarily. Inclusive criteria included articles about motion analysis of hemiplegic gait. Exclusive criteria included the repeated articles. Totally 29 literatures met the criteria were selected, including 6 RCT articles, 4 experience articles and 19 basic research articles about kinematics and biomechanics. RESULTS： Hemiplegic gait is one of the most common symptoms caused by stroke and a manifestation of body dysfunction with an obvious movement character. The kinematic analysis can be made through the following aspects, a contrast with the normal gait, time-distance parameters, symmetry of the gait, change of the center of gravity, motion of the body and the pelvis, motion of the lower limbs and the comparison of the healthy side lower limb and the normal lower limb. According to these aspects, we can make a deep knowledge about hemiplegic gait. This article mainly explains the kinematic analysis of hemiplegic gait. In clinical rehabilitation, hemiplegic gait can be improved by controlling pelvis training and concordant training of lower limbs to elevate quality of life. Which is the key factor to affect walking in pelvis and lower limbs training can be helpful for defining the emphasis in training. CONCLUSION： The kinematic analysis of the hemiplegic gait and a be

关 键 词：偏瘫步态 运动解析 探讨 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]