非骨水泥型臼杯位置对植入假体髋臼内应力分布的影响(英文)  

Changes of load distribution on cup-bone interface at the different positions of non-cemented acetabular cup

作　　者：李冬松[1] 李叔强[1] 齐欣[1] 刘建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第一临床医院关节二科,吉林省长春市130021

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第40期8209-8212,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：吉林省科技厅资助项目(20050411-5)~~

摘　　要：背景:髋臼假体植入位置对于术后假体的活动范围及防止脱位的发生是至关重要的。髋臼假体植入位置不良将会导致聚乙烯假体磨损率的增加、骨盆周围骨熔解,髋臼假体移位(无菌性松动),但目前对于髋臼植入位置仍无明确的统一标准。目的:探讨臼杯在何种置入角度下髋臼周围应力分布最为合理,验证臼杯置入角度的合理范围,从生物力学的角度为临床手术中臼杯置入的位置提供理论标准。设计:重复测量设计。单位:吉林大学第一临床医院骨关节二科。材料:健康成人男性新鲜尸体骨盆骨一具由吉林大学解剖教研室提供。方法:实验于2005-09/2006-05在吉林大学第一临床医院骨科研究所和吉林大学生物力学研究所完成。取新鲜人体骨盆标本,行螺旋CT断层扫描,得到CT数据二维图像,采用GE medical systems软件系统处理,人工识别骨盆边缘轮廓,将数据输入计算机,利用Solidworks计算机软件建立人体骨盆三维有限元模型。髋臼假体采用天津华北医疗器械厂生产的φ48生物型假体,应用中国测试技术研究院测量仪器研究所生产的CLY系列单臂三维测量仪对髋臼假体进行测量,导出坐标数据,利用三维CAD软件SliodWorks2003在计算机上进行自动化建模。模拟人体单足站立状态,而后对重建的人体骨盆模型进行力的加载与约束,分析髋臼内Mises应力及剪切应力的分布情况,预测术后假体失效的力学危险性。主要观察指标:不同髋臼植入位置下髋臼内Mises应力及剪切应力的分布情况。结果:所构建的人体骨盆三维有限元模型共有103043个节点,69271个单元。在髋臼假体外翻角为40°～50°的范围内,假体外翻角的变化对假体-骨界面间的Mises及剪切应力变化无影响(P>0.05),当髋臼假体外翻角<35°或>55°时,假体外翻角的变化对界面间的Mises及剪切应力将产生显著影响。在5°～30°范围内,髋臼假体前倾角BACKGROUND ：Acetabular cup orientation is critical for preserving the range of motion and preventing dislocation of the prosthesis. Cup malpositioning may result in an increased polyethylene wear rate, pelvic osteolysis and acetabular migration （aseptic loosening）. There are no definite criterion for the orientation of the acetabular cup. OBJECTIVE ： To explore the relationship between acetabular cup position and the load distribution within the acetabulum and to confirm an optimal range of cup position, thereby providing a theoretical criterion from a biomechanical aspect for proper cup implantation in clinical work. DESIGN ： Repeated measurements SETTING ： Second Department of Orthopaedics in the First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University MATERIALS： One healthy male adult fresh cadaveric pelvis was offered by the Department of Anatomy in Jilin University. METHODS： This experiment was carried out at the Institute of Orthopaedics in the First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University, and the Institute of Biomechanics in Jilin University from September 2005 to May 2006. Cadaveric pelvic was scanned with spiral CT, and then the two-dimensional images were evaluated using GE medical systems software and the outline of the pelvis was identified by the edge detective estimation. Pelvic coordinate data were put into the computer to build up a three-dimensional （3D） finite element model of the pelvic using Solidworks software. A φ48 non-cemented cup from Tianjin Huabei Medical Instrument Factory was used, and the 3D measurement of the cup was carried out by CLY single-arm 3D measurement apparatus, which was made in Testing Technology Institute of China. The measurement data were transferred into computer. Through the CAD SliodWorks2003 software, the 3D model of the cup was automatically reconstructed. Afterwards, one-foot standing position was simulated to conduct the loading and constraint of the model, the Mises and shear force distributing of the cup were analyzed, forecasting the mechanical risk o

关 键 词：计算机辅助设计 三维重建 髋臼角度 生物力学 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]