运动影响ApoE^(-/-)小鼠动脉粥样硬化形成的形态学研究  

Effect of Exercise on the Atherogenesis in ApoE Knock Out Mice——A Morphologic Study

作　　者：袁凌燕[1] 陆爱云[2] 卢昌亚[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学体育学院,上海200234 [2]上海体育学院运动人体科学系,上海200438

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2007年第6期679-684,共6页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

摘　　要：目的:探讨运动对动脉粥样硬化(AS)斑块和主动脉病理形态变化的影响。方法:以30只8周龄的ApoE基因敲除小鼠(ApoE-/-小鼠)建立AS模型,分为ApoE-/-小鼠安静组(n=15)和ApoE-/-小鼠运动组(n=15),15只C57BL/6J小鼠为同源对照安静组。ApoE-/-小鼠饲以"西方膳食"饲料,C57小鼠饲以普通饲料。运动组进行中等强度跑台运动,前6周由10m/min×30min渐增至13m/min×60min,后6周以稳定的运动量(13m/min,60min)进行运动,每周5次。12周实验结束后,采用光学显微镜、体视显微镜及图像分析系统,从形态学角度观察各组小鼠主动脉斑块面积,主动脉大体病理形态、组织学结构及主动脉内膜、中膜厚度。结果:ApoE-/-小鼠安静组主动脉弓、分支口和腹主动脉形成斑块,多为纤维粥样硬化期病变,弹力纤维断裂多见,中膜空泡变性。ApoE-/-小鼠运动组斑块较ApoE-/-小鼠安静组减少,多为早期脂纹脂斑病变,弹力纤维断裂和中膜病变均减轻。经图像分析,ApoE-/-小鼠运动组斑块面积,内膜(I)、中膜(M)厚度及I/M比值较ApoE-/-小鼠安静组减少。结论:运动可减少高脂饮食导致的斑块形成,减轻AS的主动脉壁组织损伤,从而抵御主动脉壁的脂质沉积,延缓AS进程。In order to investigate the effect of exercise on the atherosclerotic formation in the aortic wails, as well as the pathomorphologic mechanism of the effect, thirty 8 weeks old apolipoprotein E （ApoE）- knockout mice （ApoE^-/-） were fed with ＂western diet＂ for 12 weeks to establish the atherosclerotic model. 15 C57 were used as homologous mice. Mice in the exercise group were forced to run on a treadmill at the incremental speed from 10m/min× 30 minutes to 13m/min× 60 minutes, 5 days/week for a total of 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, morphometrical analysis including stereomicroscopic and optical microscopic histology was performed. Meanwhile, morphometrical parameters such as plaque area, thickness of intima and tunica media, intima/media ratio were measured using a computerized image analysis system （Leica Qwin V3）. The results revealed that lesions in sedentary ApoE^-/- group were mainly located in the aortic arch, bifurcation, thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta, the predominant plaques were fibroid and many broken elastic fibers and vacuolar degeneration in tunica media were detected. However, 12--week exercise retarded the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Early lesion as fatty streak was found, broken elastic fibers appeared lesser; tunica media lesion decreased; plaque area, thickness of intima and tunica media, as well as the ratio of intima/tunica media decreased. It was concluded that exercise could inhibit plaque formation and retard atherogenesis by means of reducing lipid deposit and thus alleviating the damage to the aorta walls.

关 键 词：动脉粥样硬化 运动 病理形态 APOE基因敲除小鼠 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]