中国火山危险性等级与活动性分类  

VOLCANIC THREAT LEVELS AND CLASSIFICATION OF VOLCANIC ACTIVITY IN CHINA

作　　者：洪汉净[1] 吴建平[2] 王庆良[3] 李克[4] 赵慈平[5] 上官志冠[1] 杨清福[4] 张恒荣[4] 刘国明[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所,北京100029 [2]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081 [3]中国地震局第二监测中心,西安710054 [4]吉林省地震局,长春130022 [5]云南省地震局,昆明650041

出　　处：《地震地质》2007年第3期447-458,共12页Seismology and Geology

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项资金(2001DIA10003;2002DIA20009);国家"十五"科技攻关计划项目(2001BA601B06);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC01B040104)共同资助

摘　　要：介绍了中国大陆全新世活动火山喷发危险性的评价与活动性分类。火山喷发危险性评价是进行火山活动性分类的基础,参照国外火山活动度水平与火山警报等级,根据火山动力背景特征与火山前兆异常特征确定了中国火山喷发危险性评价等级,它们是安全、注意、警惕、警报、危险、灾害、灾难等7级。根据火山活动的危险性,将中国火山的活动性分为4类:1)处于活动状态的火山——长白山天池火山,已经进入扰动期;2)有活动迹象的火山——腾冲火山,仍然处于平静状态,存在潜在的喷发危险;3)有潜在活动可能的火山,包括五大连池、镜泊湖与海口火山,各种地球物理、地球化学观察都处于背景值范围;4)活动性不明的火山。Ahhough volcano erupting has not been recorded in Chinese continent during recent years, there are 15 Holocene volcanoes in Chinese continent, and some disturbance signals were reported from some volcanoes in China. Strong hydrothermal activities occurred in Tengchong volcano, some hydrothermal explosions even took place since 1993. Seismic activity in Changbaishan Tianchi volcano has been getting strong remarkably since July of 2002, accompanied with significant surface uplift and geochemical anomalies. Estimation on volcanic threat level is the base of classification of active volcanoes. Based on the results of volcano monitoring and investigation in recent years, the volcanic threat levels and classifi- cation of active volcanoes in China continent are discussed in this paper. Based on the volcanic activity levels of the other countries, the volcano threat in China can be rated into 7 levels as safety, attention, stand by, alarm, threat, hazard and disaster, corresponding to the activity stages of dormancy, late-dormancy, disturbance, unrest, being critical, irreversible and violent, respectively. Based on the dangerous levels of volcanoes, the activity of volcanoes in Chinese continent can be classified into 4 kinds ： （ 1 ） those in the active phase, such as Changbaishan volcano, which is in the process of disturbance ; （2） those with some evidences of activity, such as Tengchong volcano, which stays in the late-dormancy stage, but has the potential threat of eruption; （3）those with some possibility of potential eruption, including Wudalianchi, Jingpohu, Haikou volcanoes, where geophysical and geochemical observations all fall in the background category; and （4） those whose volcanism is unclear yet at present, such as Aer Shan, ErKe Shan, XiaoGulihe, Wulanhada, Keluo, Turphan, west Tianshan, Ashi, and Kekexili volcanoes.

关 键 词：活动火山 危险性评价 活动性分类 中国大陆 

分 类 号：P317.7[天文地球—固体地球物理学]