岩溶区坡面土壤侵蚀特征研究  

Study on Characteristics of Soil Erosion on Karst Hillslope

作　　者：傅瓦利[1] 张治伟[1] 张洪[1] 夏凯生[1] 谢德体[2] 倪九派[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学资源环境学院

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2007年第5期38-41,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技部重大专项"重庆市岩溶生态脆弱区综合治理技术与示范";重庆市科委软科学项目"石漠化与重庆岩溶地区农村经济发展关系研究"

摘　　要：以重庆南川岩溶区为例,用137C s法研究了岩溶区坡面土壤侵蚀特征。结果表明,坡面上部侵蚀速率较小,平均侵蚀速率为400.8 t/(km2.a),最大侵蚀速率为1 138.4 t/(km2.a);坡面中部侵蚀加剧,平均侵蚀速率2 264.8 t/(km2.a),最大侵蚀速率可达3 760 t/(km2.a);坡面下部侵蚀减弱甚至堆积。土壤表层有机质、表层粘粒及水稳性团聚体含量在坡面上的变化与土壤侵蚀速率具有负相关趋势。By using the Cesium-137 technique, three karst slopes in Nanchuan county, Chongqing were chosen for studying the characteristics of soil erosion on karst hillslope. The research shows that the gradient and position of the sampling site in a karst hillslope are the main factors which affect the status of soil erosion or sedimentation. Soil erosion rates are small on the upper sectors of the slopes, the mean value is 400.8 t/（km2·a）. At the middle sectors, soil erosion rates are bigger than that of the upper and lower sections, the mean value is 2 264.8 t/（km2 · a）. Mean value of soil erosion rates of two sampling sites at the lower sectors is 640.8 t/（km2·a）, the other two are sedimentary sites, it shows that development of rock desertification in the upper and middle sectors and enrichment of soil at the lower reaches on a karst slope are two synchronous processes. Shown by the research on the soil organic matter, clay and water-stable aggregates（〉0.25 mm） on soil surface, there is a tendency of decrease with the increase of soil erosion rates.

关 键 词：岩溶坡地 土壤侵蚀与堆积 ^137Cs法 

分 类 号：P642.253[天文地球—工程地质学] S157.1[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]