灌水量对不同小麦品种籽粒品质、产量及土壤硝态氮含量的影响  

Effects of Irrigation Amount on Grain Quality,Yield and Soil NO_3^--N Content in Different Wheat Varieties

作　　者：张永丽[1] 于振文[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农业部小麦栽培生理与遗传改良重点开放实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2007年第5期155-158,174,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项项目(06-03-04B);国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2002BA516A12);山东农业大学青年科技创新基金项目

摘　　要：选用强筋小麦济麦20和中筋小麦泰山23两个品种,在大田条件下设置不灌水(0 mm)、灌水180 mm,240mm和300 mm 4个处理,研究了灌水量对籽粒品质和产量及土壤硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明,灌水180 mm和240 mm的处理比不灌水和灌水300 mm的处理提高了强筋小麦济麦20的籽粒谷蛋白含量、谷蛋白含量/醇溶蛋白含量比值(谷/醇比值)、谷蛋白大聚合体(GM P)含量和湿面筋含量,延长了面团稳定时间,改善了籽粒品质;中筋小麦泰山23的不灌水处理的籽粒蛋白质含量高于灌水180 mm,240 mm和300 mm的处理,但是GM P含量、湿面筋含量和面团稳定时间各处理间无显著差异。两品种的籽粒产量均以灌水240 mm的处理最高,但泰山23灌水180 mm的处理与灌水240 mm的处理无显著差异。随灌水量增加,土壤中的硝态氮向深层土壤的淋溶增加。本试验条件下,综合考虑品质、产量和土壤中硝态氮的淋溶,济麦20和泰山23可供生产中参考的灌水量分别为180~240 mm和180 mm。The effects of irrigation amount on grain quality, yield and soil NO3^-- N content were studied with strong gluten wheat ＂Jimai 20＂ and middle gluten wheat ＂Taishan 23＂ by setting four irrigation amount treatments （with 0 mm, 180 mm, 240 mm, 300 mm irrigation amount respectively） under field condition. The results showed that the value of grain glutenin content, ratio of glutenin content to gliadin content,glutenin macropoloymer （GMP） content,wet gluten content and dough stability time were higher under the irrigation treatments of 180 mm and 240mm than that under the irrigation treatments of 0mm and 300 mm for strong gluten wheat ＂Jimai 20＂. The value of grain protein content was higher under the irrigation treatment of 0 mm than that under the irrigation treatments of 180 mm, 240 mm and 300 mm, while there was no significant difference in the GMP content, wet gluten content and dough stability time among all the irrigation treatments for middle gluten wheat ＂Taishan 23＂. The grain yield of the two cultivars were highest under the irrigation treatment of 240 mm, but there was no significant difference between the irrigation treatments of 180 mm and 240 mm for ＂Taishan 23＂. The soil NO3^--N content increased with the increase of irrigation amount in deeper layer soil. With grain quality, yield and soil NO3^--N content, the irrigation amount recommended under the condition of this experiment was 180～240 mm and 180 mm for ＂Jimai 20＂ and “Taishan 23” respectively.

关 键 词：小麦 灌水量 籽粒品质 籽粒产量 土壤硝态氮含量 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学] S151.93