全要素生产率与区域经济增长的动力——基于对1995—2004年28个省市大中型工业的非参数生产前沿分析  

Total Factor Productivity and Source of Regional Economic Growth:Non-parametric Production Frontier Analysis on the Large and Medium-sized Industrial firm of 28 Provinces during 1995—2004

作　　者：涂正革[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学经济学院

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2007年第4期14-36,共23页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"环境;能源约束下的中国工业增长模式研究"(项目号:07BJY019);湖北社科基金项目"湖北工业增长模式研究"(项目号:2007-030)的研究成果。

摘　　要：传统观点认为中国经济增长的动力是资本的堆集,本文采用Malmquist指数和DEA技术,研究中国28个省市地区大中型工业的动力,分析发现1995—2004年:(1)大中型工业平均增长15.5%,其中全要素生产率增长拉动工业增长平均为9.2%,贡献率约60%,对工业增长的贡献从1996年的-9.6%上升到2003年的18.2%、2004年的10.4%,而资本和劳动投入增长对产出增长的综合贡献从1996年的13.5%,下降到2004年的0.7%;(2)全要素生产率中技术进步和规模效率的改善对产出增长的贡献日渐突出,技术进步推动工业经济增长5.2%,规模效率改善推动工业增长3.3%。(3)工业企业全要素生产率快速增长的背后因素可以简单归纳为:省际间竞争、学习和模仿、经济全球化和外商投资、民营化改革和经济扩张期。因此,本文认为全要素生产率,特别是技术进步和规模效率的提高,是区域工业经济快速增长的源泉。Many researchers suggest Chinese economic growth greatly relies on a mass of capital. Using the Non-parametric production frontier approach and a province-level panel data of 28 provinces, this paper examines the total factor productivity growth of China＇s large and medium-sized industrial enterprises sector during 1995--2004. The major findings include： （ 1 ） The average growth of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises is 15.5%, 60% of which may attribute to the growth of total factor productivity. The growth of TFP has become an increasingly leading factor to the growth of industry, its portion to the growth of industry rises from -9.6% of 1996 up to 18.2% of 2003 and 10.4% of 2004, Whereas the contribution of the increase of capital and labor to the output is declining, falling from 13.5 percentage points in 1996 to 0.7 percentage points in 2004. （2） Among TFP, the technological progress and the scale economy efficiency gradually display their prominence, the technological progress contribution to industrial growth is 5.2% and scale efficiency is 3.3%. （ 3 ） Four major factors to the fast increase of TFP are following： province-level competition, imitation and modeling, the globalization of economy and foreign investment and property right reform and the economical expansion. To sum up, the TFP, especially technological progress and scale economy efficiency are the key factor to the regional economic growth.

关 键 词：全要素生产率 区域经济 Maimquist指数 

分 类 号：F207[经济管理—国民经济]