环境因子对褐飞虱两种生物型种群参数影响的比较  

Comparison the influence of environmental factors on two rice brown planthopper biotypes

作　　者：黄所生[1] 黄凤宽[1] 韦素美[1] 龙丽萍[1] 蒋显斌 程正新[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所,南宁530007 [2]广西大学农学院,南宁530005

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第10期4359-4365,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30560084);广西青年科学基金资助项目(桂科青0339018);"十五"国家科技攻关计划资助项目(2001BA509B02-08)资助项目;广西自然科学基金资助项目(桂科自0640051);广西农科院科技发展基金资助项目(2004005(Z))~~

摘　　要：比较了孟加拉型和生物型Ⅱ褐飞虱种群对高温、饥饿、浸水和杀虫剂等因子的反应。结果表明，35．0℃下孟加拉型若虫的致死中量时间（LT50）显著高于生物型Ⅱ，但两个生物型在26℃和37．5℃下的LT50间差异均不显著，而40．0℃时生物型Ⅱ若虫的LT50显著高于孟加拉型。在26、35．0℃和室内自然变温（26～35．0℃）条件下测定成虫耐饥力，两生物型间LT59均差异不显著。在各饥饿处理时间下，两生物型褐飞虱单雌平均产卵量差异均不显著。褐飞虱卵浸水1、3d和5d，两个生物型孵化率无显著差异，但生物型Ⅱ卵浸水5d后孵化率与对照相比差异显著，说明浸水5d对褐飞虱生物型Ⅱ卵的孵化率有影响。取食经浸水5d处理的稻株168h后，生物型Ⅱ若虫的死亡率与对照有显著差异，而孟加拉型死亡率与对照相比差异不显著；不浸水对照处理两个生物型的2～3龄若虫168h时就已全部发育为成虫，而浸水处理则到216h时才全部发育为成虫，这表明水稻浸水处理延迟了两个生物型若虫的发育进度。对于甲胺磷，药后1d,2d孟加拉型的致死中浓度（LC50）均显著小于生物型Ⅱ；对于噻嗪酮，孟加拉型药后5d的LC50均显著小于生物型Ⅱ，表明孟加拉型对这两种杀虫剂较生物型Ⅱ敏感。The tolerances of rice brown planthopper （BPH） biotype Ⅱ and biotype ‘Bangladesh＇ to high temperature, starvation, immersion, and insecticides were studied. There were no significant difference in survival times of the two biotypes at 26.0℃ or 37.5 ℃. However, biotype ‘ Bangladesh＇ survived longer at 35.0 ℃ than did biotype Ⅱ , and biotype Ⅱ survived significantly longer at 40.0 ℃ than did biotype ‘ Bangladesh＇. There were no significant difference between the two biotypes in their tolerances to starvation at any temperature. There were no significant differences in the hatching rate of eggs of the two BPH biotypes after being immersed in water for 1 day,3 days or 5 days, but the hatching rate of biotype Ⅱ after immersion for 5 days was greater than that of the control,it show that the hatching rate of biotype Ⅱ can be influenced when being kept soaking in water for 5 days. When feeding on the rice which had been kept soaking in water for 5day, the death rate of nymphs of biotype Ⅱ was significantly different than that of the control after 168 hours, but the death rate of biotype ‘Bangladesh＇ was not significantly different from that of the control. Second or third mature BPH of both biotypes grew into adult form after 168 hours, but those in the treatment grew into adult form after 216 hours. This shows that feeding on rice that had been kept soaking can delay the process of development of nymphs. The LC50 of Methamidophos significantly lower for biotype‘Bangladesh＇ than or biotype Ⅱ after spraying it 1 day or 2days, Similarly, the LC50 of Buprofezin was significantly lower for biotype ‘ Bangladesh＇ than or biotypeⅡ after spraying it 5days. Thus, BPH biotype Bangladesh was more susceptible to two insecticides than BPH biotype Ⅱ.

关 键 词：褐飞虱 生物型 高温 饥饿 浸水 杀虫剂 

分 类 号：S435.112.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]