砷污染原水的应急处理工艺研究  

Study on Emergent Treatment Process of Raw Water Polluted by Arsenic

作　　者：姚娟娟[1] 高乃云[1] 尚亚波 刘成[1] 陈蓓蓓[1] 黄诚 秦祖群 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]镇江市自来水公司,江苏镇江212001

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2007年第21期15-18,23,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：江苏省科技厅社会发展计划项目(BS2006039);国家科技攻关计划重大项目(2003BA808A17)

摘　　要：以我国目前广泛采用的常规净水工艺为基础,开展了水源突发性砷污染的应急处理工艺研究。试验结果显示:在原水中的As(Ⅴ)浓度超标10倍和50倍的情况下,通过增加混凝剂的投量,可将砂滤出水中的As(Ⅴ)浓度控制在10μg/L以下;但在原水As(Ⅴ)浓度超标100倍的极端情况下,则需在取水口处投加膨润土,采用吸附与增加混凝剂投量相结合的方法,才能将砂滤出水中的As(Ⅴ)浓度控制在10μg/L以下。混凝沉淀无法有效去除以分子形态存在的As(Ⅲ),需要预先将其氧化为As(Ⅴ)。当采用液氯作氧化剂时,其投加点对去除效果的影响不明显,但需确保有效氯(以C l2计)与As(Ⅲ)的质量比>2。混凝沉淀出水的浊度与残余的As(Ⅴ)浓度存在较好的线性关系,因此在时间较为紧迫的情况下,可以通过监测混凝沉淀出水浊度来间接反映对As(Ⅴ)的去除效果。Based on the conventional water purification processes widely used in China, a study on emergent treatment process of sudden arsenic pollution of water source was performed. The results show that the concentration of As （ Ⅴ ） in the treated water of sand filter can be controlled effectively under 10μg/L by increasing the dosage of coagulants when the concentration of As （ Ⅴ ） in raw water exceeds the limit value by 10 and 50 times. But when the concentration of As （ Ⅴ ） in raw water exceeds the limit value by 100 times, the bentonite needs to be added at the intake point as an adsorbent to make sure the concentration of As （ Ⅴ ） in the finished water below 10 μg/L by the combination of adsorption and en- hanced coagulation. The preoxidation is needed because the coagulation and sedimentation can not effectively remove As （ Ⅲ ） which remains as a neutral molecule normally. When liquid chlorine is used as oxidant, the adding point of chlorine does not affect the As （ Ⅲ ） removal obviously, but the mass ratio of chlorine to As （Ⅲ ） must be over 2 μgCl2/μgAs （ Ⅲ ）. The turbidity of treated water of coagulation and sedimentation has good linear relationship with the residual As （ Ⅴ ） concentration. Thus, it can be used to reflect the As （ Ⅴ ） removal indirectly in an urgent condition.

关 键 词：应急处理 除砷 混凝 过滤 预氧化 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]