不同时期灌溉对大豆叶片生理特性及水分利用效率的影响  

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES ON WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND LEAF PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOYBEAN

作　　者：武向良[1] 高聚林[1] 王志刚[1] 李丽君[1] 张白鸽[1] 黄振刚[2] 黄复民[2] 王建明 李树芳 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]扎兰屯市农业技术推广中心,扎兰屯市162650 [3]阿荣旗农业技术推广中心,阿荣旗162750

出　　处：《大豆科学》2007年第5期695-699,共5页Soybean Science

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET040264);内蒙古自然科学基金(200408020302)

摘　　要：在大豆不同生育时期进行灌水处理,产量存在显著差异。分别是开花期>开花期+鼓粒期>结英期>鼓粒期>对照>分枝期。开花期灌水能提高叶绿素含量,降低气孔导度和蒸腾速率,提高光合速率,使水分利用效率达到最大。在大豆鼓粒期水分胁迫下不同磷肥处理表明,在一定范围内(0～0.56 g/盆)增施磷肥有利于提高光合速率,降低蒸腾速率,提高水分利用效率。因此,在生产实践中,开花期灌水一次,灌水量为40 m^3667 m^(-2),并配合增施磷肥,能提高大豆叶片光合性能、叶片水分利用效率和产量。The effect of irrigation at different growth stages on leaf physiological characteristics and water use efficiency （WUE） in soybean were investigated. Results showed that irrigation at different growth stages had significant effect on soybean yield,and the order was flowering stage （FS）〉flowering stage（FS） ＋ pod filling stage（PFS）〉 podding stage（PS） 〉pod filling stage （PFS） 〉 CK 〉 branching stage（BS）. Irrigation at FS could increase chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate （P.）, while decrease stomatal conductance （G,） and transpiration rate （Tr） of soybean leaves, so the WUE was improved. The different phosphorus treatments under water stress at PFS indicated that certain amount of phosphorous （0-0.56 g pot^-1） could increase P, but reduce the Tr, therefore, the WUE was increased. So it was suggested that irrigating only once at FS in practice. The irrigation amount should be 40 m^3 667 m^-2 ,and cooperated phosphorus application was suggested. Thus,the photosynthetic characteristics,WUE and yield were improved.

关 键 词：大豆 灌水 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]