有机种植体系下肥料调控对作物生长及土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of different fertilizers regulation on crops growth and soil fertility in organic cultivation system

作　　者：王延军[1] 宗良纲[1] 李锐[1] 魏增贵[1] 杨永岗[2] 肖兴基[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院 [2]国家环境保护总局有机食品发展中心,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2007年第5期368-372,共5页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：绿色和平资助项目"中国有机农业生产效益比较研究"(200103)

摘　　要：经田间试验,对作物产量,生理指标以及土壤速效养分、土壤微生物量和土壤脲酶、磷酸酶进行测定和分析,系统比较了符合有机种植要求的3种肥料对作物生长和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:配施生态肥处理与单施有机肥处理及矿粉与有机肥混合处理,番茄分别增产14.9%和15.9%,水稻分别增产10.5%和12.5%,具有明显的增产效果(P<0.05);叶绿素含量SPAD值番茄分别提高3.1,2.5,水稻分别提高1.3,0.5;同时配施生态肥也可以明显增强作物的根活力。和供试前比较,配施生态肥的土壤NH4+-N,NO3--N和速效P的增加明显大于单施有机肥及矿粉与有机肥混合处理;另外,配施生态肥更有利于促进土壤微生物量的增加和增强土壤脲酶和磷酸酶的活性,从而达到培肥土壤和明显改善土壤养分的供给水平的目标。In the field experiment, yields and physiological indexes of crops, soil available nutrient, soil microbial biomass, and soil enzymes were measured to compare the effects of 3 different fertilizer treatments on crop growth and soil fertility in organic cultivation system. The results showed that eco-fertilizer treatment increased tomato yields by 14.9% and 15.9% and rice yields by 10.5% and 12.5%, respectively, as compared with the treatments of organic fertilizer and the treatment of mineral powers combined with organic fertilizer. Eco-fertihzer treatment increased chlorophyll contents （ SPAD readings） in the leaves by 3.1 and 2.5 for tomato and 1.3 and 0.5 for rice, respectively, as compared with the above two treatments. Eco-fertilizer treatment could obviously enhance root activities of crops. Eco-fertilizer treatment increase the contents NH4^＋-N, NO3^--N and available P, microbial biomass C, urease and phosphatase activities in the soil as compared with the above two treatments which resulting in the improvement of soil fertility.

关 键 词：有机种植体系 肥料调控 作物生长 土壤肥力 生态肥 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]