听诊器的细菌污染与其耐药性研究  

Study of bacterial contamination on stethoscopes and antimicrobial resistance

作　　者：黄昕[1] 吴安华[1] 龚瑞娥[1] 王曼平[1] 李洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院感染科,湖南长沙410008

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2007年第19期2391-2393,共3页China Journal of Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解细菌污染听诊器的情况及其耐药性。方法对全院各临床科室医生的听诊器的膜部和耳塞部进行采样,对分离菌株进行鉴定,并采用K-B法对金黄色葡萄球菌进行药敏试验,用琼脂筛选法做耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)鉴定。结果216份标本细菌阳性率为72.7%,主要菌种为革兰阳性球菌。医生个人听诊器膜部合格率低于公用听诊器膜部合格率,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。污染细菌种类为两种及两种以上者占33.8%,108副听诊器中金黄色葡萄球菌与MRSA的携带率分别为19.4%和9.3%;39株金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素等10种抗菌药物的药敏试验表明,对红霉素的耐药率最高,为76.9%,多重耐药率达28.2%。结论听诊器污染菌主要为革兰阳性球菌,耐药性较为普遍。[Objective] To investigate bacterial contamination on stethoscopes and antimicrobial resistance. [Methods] Bacteria isolated from the diaphragm and earplugs of clinicians＇ stethoscopes were identified, antimicrobial susceptibility tests of staphylococcus aureus were performed by disc agar diffusion method, and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus（MRSA） was identified by agar screen method. [Results] The positive rate of bacteria isolated from 216 samples was 72.7%, and the majority isolates were gram-positive cocci. The qualifacation rate of the diaphragm of clinicians＇ personal stethoscopes was higher than that of public stethoscopes. There was significant difference between them （P 〈0.05）. 33.8% of stethoscopes were contaminated by at least two kinds of bacteria, among 108 stethoscopes, the positive rate of staphylococcus aureus and MRSA was 19.4% and 9.3% respectively; the resistant rates of 39 strains of staphylococcus aureus to erythromycin were the highest （76.9%） among 10 kinds of antimicrobial agents, multiply resistant rate was 28.2%. [Conclusions] Gram positive cocci is the major bacteria to contaminat stethoscopes, and antimicrobial resistance was common.

关 键 词：细菌 污染 耐药率 

分 类 号：R608[医药卫生—外科学]