省藤族十六种植物的花粉形态  

Pollen Morphology of Sixteen Taxa of the Calameae (Palmae)

作　　者：刘广福[1] 王慷林[1] 杨宇明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所 [2]西南林学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2007年第5期513-520,共8页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：云南省中青年学术和技术带头人培养经费(2000YP17);国家十一五林业科技支撑项目(2006BAD19B0901);云南省应用基础研究项目(2000C0071M);云南省省院省校合作项目(2003ACCGA00C012);中科院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室资助

摘　　要：对棕榈科(Palmae)省藤亚科(Calamoideae)省藤族(Calameae)省藤属(Calamus)8种4变种、钩叶藤属(Plectocomia)1种、黄藤属(Daemonorops)1种、蛇皮果属(Salacca)2种共4个属16种植物的花粉进行了光镜和扫描电镜观察。省藤属植物的花粉均为两沟型花粉,外壁纹饰为网状、穿孔或小凹穴等类型;黄藤属的黄藤(Daemonorops matgaritae)花粉为近环沟型,外壁纹饰为颗粒状,其萌发孔特征与以前报道不一致。钩叶藤属的钩叶藤(Plectocomia kerrana)花粉为两沟型,外壁纹饰为网状。蛇皮果属的滇西蛇皮果(Salacca secunda)花粉的萌发孔为2沟,外壁纹饰为稀疏的穿孔或者小孔穴,而蛇皮果(S.zal-acca)花粉萌发孔为近环沟型,外壁纹饰为刺状突起,刺之间为密集的小穿孔。研究表明,花粉特征可以反映省藤属内的种间差异,支持褐鳞省藤(Calamus balansaeanus var.castaneolepis)、滇缅省藤(C.erectus var.birmanicus)及长穗省藤(C.palustrisvar.longistachys)作为变种,支持勐腊鞭藤(C.karinensis)作为种的等级地位;另外花粉特征对于探索省藤属和其他属的亲缘关系具有重要的参考价值。The pollen grains of 8 species and 4 varieties of Calamus, 1 species of Plectocomia, 1 species of Daemonorops, and 2 species of Salacca （Palmae） were examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen aperture of Calamus is dicolpate, and its rectum of exine is reticulate, perforate or foveolate. The aperture of D. matgaritae is dicolpate, which differs from the previous report, and its rectum of exine is granulate. The aperture of P. kerrana is dicolpate, and its tectanl of exine is reticulate, although the aperture of S. secunda is also dicolpate but its tectanl is smooth, sparsely perforate or foveolate. The apertures of S. zalacca is nearly annualocolpate, and its tectum is densely perforate with large supratectal spines. This research shows that pollen morphology can reflect the differences between the species of Calamus. The results also support the previous taxonomical status of： 1 ） C. balansaeanus var. castarteolepis, C. erectus var. birmanicus, C.palustris var. longistachys as varieties; 2） C. karinensis as independent species. Furthermore, pollen morphology is of important significance to elucidate the relationship between Calamus and its related genera.

关 键 词：省藤属 钩叶藤属 黄藤属 蛇皮果属 花粉形态 

分 类 号：Q944.4[生物学—植物学]