对普通丝瓜弱苗、僵苗和瓜过顶植株生长现象的研究  

Research on the Abnormal Phenomena of Luffa cylindrical Growth

作　　者：苏小俊[1] 袁希汉[2] 徐海[2] 陈劲枫[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2007年第30期9511-9512,共2页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2004AA241120);江苏省高技术研究项目(BG2007301)

摘　　要：[目的]研究普通丝瓜生长过程中出现的一些异常现象及其原因。[方法]对112个普通丝瓜品种进行调查,研究弱苗、僵苗和瓜过顶的发生比例及其原因。[结果]112个品种内有13个品种出现弱苗现象,占总品种11.6%。弱苗植株长势弱、植株矮小,但无僵苗和瓜过顶现象。43个品种出现僵苗现象,占总品种38.4%,僵苗率100%的有8个品种。22个品种出现瓜过顶现象,占总品种19.6%。瓜过顶植株都是僵苗。干旱和频繁喷药是造成僵苗发生的主因。[结论]在生产过程中采用催芽育苗可减少弱苗。为减少僵苗和瓜过顶现象,应采取以下措施:提高地温;精细定植、中耕;施充分腐熟粪肥,均匀追肥;适时适度灌溉。The abnormal phenomena and their reasons during the period of Luffa cylindrical growth was studied.112 varieties of L.cylindrical were investigated to study the occurrence ratios and causes of weak seedling,runt seedling and overhead melon phenomenon.13 varieties appeared weak seedlings among 112 varieties,being 11.6% of total varieties.The plant growth vigor of weak seedling was weak and the plants were dwarfish,but runt seedlings and overhead melon phenomenon wasn＇t found.43 varieties appeared runt seedlings,being 38.4% of total varieties.8 varieties had runt-seedling rate of 100%.22 varieties appeared overhead melon phenomenon,being 19.6% of total varieties.All plants with overhead melon phenomenon were runt seedlings.Drought and spraying drug frequently were main reasons that caused the occurrence of runt seedlings. Using pregermination seedling in the production could reduce weak seedlings.To reduce phenomena of runt seedling and overhead melon,some measures should be taken as follows： increasing ground temperature,planting and intertillage with fineness,applying sufficiently mature livestock-manure and dressing fertilizers uniformly and irrigating timely and appropriately.

关 键 词：普通丝瓜 弱苗 僵苗 瓜过顶植株 

分 类 号：S642.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]