柴达木盆地渐新世的鲤科鱼类化石  

FIRST FOSSIL BARBIN(CYPRINIDAE,TELEOSTEI) FROM OLIGOCENE OF QAIDAM BASIN IN NORTHERN TIBETAN PLATEAU

作　　者：陈耿娇[1] 刘娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所

出　　处：《古脊椎动物学报》2007年第4期330-341,共12页Vertebrata Palasiatica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号:40432003);现代古生物学及地层学国家重点实验室开放基金(编号:063106);美国自然科学基金Cypriniformes Tree of Life项目;国家基础科学特殊学科点人才培养基金(编号:J0630965)资助。

摘　　要：记述了首次发现于柴达木盆地早渐新世晚期至晚渐新世早期(距今27～29 Ma)的鲤科鱼类化石。材料包括咽骨、咽齿、匙骨、腹鳍骨及一些零散的鳍条。咽骨及咽齿化石与原始鲃亚科鱼类及裂腹鱼亚科裂腹鱼属鱼类的相似;腹鳍骨化石与原始鲃亚科鱼类的更相似。鲃亚科鱼类现今分布于北纬35°以南的亚洲、欧洲南部及非洲北部;裂腹鱼属鱼类分布局限于青藏高原东、南、西面的边缘区域,在柴达木盆地没有分布。柴达木盆地水系现生鱼类仅见适于高寒环境的高度特化等级的裂腹鱼亚科鱼类及鳅科高原鳅属鱼类,鱼类组成与早渐新世晚期至晚渐新世早期的不尽相同。Fossil cyprinid bones and teeth were unearthed from the latest Early to early Late Oligocene of Qaidam Basin in northern Tibetan Plateau. The specimens described here include： unbranched fin rays （IVPP V 15305） （ Fig. 4C） with serrations on its posterior edge from locality CD0301 （Fig. 1 ）, a wash called Wulan Husentu （also known as Hongliugou by local people） ; pharyngeal bones and teeth （ IVPP V 15131.1-2） （ Figs. 2-3） ; and detached incompleted cleithrum （V 15131.3） （Fig. 4A） and pelvic bone （V 15131.4） （Fig. 4B） from locality CD0407（Fig. 1 ）, which is 4.7 km southeast of CD0301, and is stratigrahically 150-200 m above CD0301. Both localities are in the latest Early to early Late Oligocene Lower Ganchaigou Formation and are paleomagnetically dated at c. 27 -29 Ma （Wang et al., in press）. The fossil from CD0301 can only be identified as Cyprinidae gen. et sp. indet. And the fossil from CD0407 can be identified as belonging to the subfamily Barbinae with the following characters： the length/width ratio of the pharyngeal bone is about 4 ; the length of its anterior and posterior limbs are almost equal; the pitted surface is moderately expanded, extending forward to a point opposite to the A2; the anterior edentulous process is about half the length of the dentigerous surface; the posterior edentulous process is laterally compressed, tapering to a blunt point, almost as long as the dentigerous surface. Teeth with 3 rows, the formula is / 5, 3, 2 ; A1 is not preserved, but its position can be judged by the pharyngeal bone; A2 is the largest one, some- what swollen at apex, with the tip somewhat recurved posteriorly and the grinding surface small; A3 is the second largest tooth, with its tip recurved posteriorly and the apical region somewhat expanded laterally and bent dorsally, the anterior margin convex and the posterior one concave, so the grinding surface is spoon-like and somewhat broad, with ridges on lateral edges; the following two teeth as well as teeth i

关 键 词：柴达木盆地 渐新世 鲤科 

分 类 号：Q915.862[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]