三烷基季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的合成研究  

Study on synthesis of cationic trimeric-type quaternary ammonium salt surfactant

作　　者：谢瑜[1] 张昌辉[1] 徐旋[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《中国胶粘剂》2007年第10期10-13,共4页China Adhesives

基　　金：陕西省教育厅自然科学专项基金资助(05JK158);咸阳市科技计划发展项目资助(XK06010-7)

摘　　要：以氯丙烯与N,N-二甲基十六烷基胺(CTA)为原料合成了二甲基十六烷基烯丙基氯化铵(CDAAC),研究了原料配比、反应时间、反应温度和溶剂等因素对产物CDAAC收率的影响。通过红外光谱和元素分析对产物的结构进行了表征;用溴酚蓝作指示剂、二氯乙烷作分相溶剂的两相化学滴定法测定其含量。同时,利用薄层色谱法,对所制备阳离子表面活性剂的合成路线及其纯化过程进行跟踪。实验结果表明较佳的反应条件为:n(氯丙烯)n∶(CTA)=31,∶以无水乙醇为溶剂,于45℃反应24 h,所得CDAAC的收率可达93.04%。In this paper,n-cetyl dimethylallyl ammonium chloride （CDAAC）was synthesized from n- cetyldimethylamine（CTA）by quaternisation with allylchloride. The effects of raw material composition,reaction time,reaction temperature and solvent on the yield of the product CDAAC were studied. The product structure was characterized by FT-IR spectrum and elementary analysis. Also,it was quantitatively determined by the two phase chemical titration by using bromophenol blue as the indicator and dichloroethane as phase spiltting agent. Meanwhile,thin layer chromatography（TLC） method were used to trace the synthesis and the purity of the cationic surfactant. The optimal reaction conditions for the synthesis are that molar ratio of allylchloride to CTA is 3：1, reaction medium is ethanol, reaction tempetature is 45℃, reaction time is 24 h ,＇and product yield is 93.04%.

关 键 词：二甲基十六烷基烯丙基氯化铵 N N-二甲基十六烷基胺 氯丙烯 合成 

分 类 号：TQ649.3[化学工程—精细化工]