X型和Y型宽尾墩水力特性对比研究  

Comparison on hydraulic characteristics of X-shape and Y-shape flaring gate piers

作　　者：张挺[1] 伍超[2] 莫政宇[2] 麦栋玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]福州大学土木工程学院,福建福州350002 [2]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《水利学报》2007年第10期1207-1213,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50479061);福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(E0710013);福州大学科研启动基金资助项目(0050824942);福州大学发展基金资助项目(0050826031)

摘　　要：为了探求X型宽尾墩与常规Y型宽尾墩水力特性的差别,采用RNGk-ε双方程紊流模型对两种型式的宽尾墩的三维流场特性进行数值计算,模拟结果与试验数据吻合良好,说明模型选用及网格划分合理。比较分析两种墩型水流流动特征、宽尾墩体和下游溢流坝面的压力分布以及闸室出口流速分布发现X型宽尾墩不但具有常规Y型宽尾墩分散水流、增加掺气量和提高消能效率等优点,而且在小流量时可增大泄流能力,特别是在与台阶式坝面联合运行时,还可改善坝面压力分布;其缺点是X型宽尾墩出口处局部出现负压,设计时应给予注意。In order to investigate the differences of hydraulic characteristics between X-shape flaring gate piers （FGP） and Y-shape flaring gate piers, the RNG k-ε turbulent model was applied to numerically simulate the 3D flows in stepped spillways with flaring gate piers. The good agreement of data measured in model with those computed verifies the validity of the model and rationality of mesh dividing. It is found that the X-shape flaring gate piers not only can disperse the overflow, entrain air and improve the energy dissipation efficiency as Y-shape flaring gate piers, but also have larger discharge capacity than Y -shape flaring gate piers, especially in lower reservoir water level. Moreover, the surface pressure distribution of the stepped spillways with X-shape flaring gate piers is closer to uniform. It must be pointed out that local negative pressure exists at the floor of the notched surface of X-shape flaring gate piers, which may lead to cavitation damage.

关 键 词：X型宽尾墩 Y型宽尾墩 水力特性 RNGk-ε 三维流场 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]