地动仪的史料和模型研究  

Research on the Historical Records and Reconstruction Models of Zhang Heng's Seismometer

作　　者：冯锐[1] 武玉霞[1] 朱涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震台网中心,北京100045

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2006年第B12期34-52,共19页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

基　　金：地震科学联合基金项目"张衡地动仪的工作原理研究"(项目编号:104133)

摘　　要：史料对地动仪的记载并不是孤证,在范晔前70—150年就有记载。研究了国内保存最早的7种有关地动仪的史料刻本,逐字对比了它们与《后汉书.张衡传》196个字的异同,共得到238个字。司马彪《续汉书》对仪器有3点重要的限定,袁宏《后汉纪》又增6点重要信息。初步澄清了研究上的11项疑虑,介绍了近年间国内外的7个地动仪复原模型,依其原理可分为悬垂摆、斜置垂直摆、自由杆3类,进行了分析评述。There isn＇t only one historical record related to Zhang Heng＇s seismometer, it is noted that a few materials had existed for 70 to 150 years before Fan Ye＇s writting. We studied total 7 earliest historical block-printed editions collected in China National Library and compared them with the 196 Chinese characters in Hou Han Shu word by word. So far we have gotten 238 Chinese characters about Zhang Heng＇s invention. The record in Xu Han Shu written by Si Mabiao gave three new significant information, and Hou Han Ji written by Yuan Hong added other six. As a result, the 11 suspicions in the previous research have been preliminarily clarified. Recently, 7 new reconstruction models are proposed and can be divided into three groups of suspended pendulum, vertical pendulum and free-rod according to their working principle. Authors introduce and discuss them briefly in the paper.

关 键 词：《续汉书》 《后汉纪》 《后汉书》 复原模型 

分 类 号：P315.62[天文地球—地震学]