上海新建绿地的土壤质量现状和对策  

Current Situation and Strategy for the Soil Quality of Newly-Established Green Belts in Shanghai

作　　者：方海兰[1] 陈玲[1] 黄懿珍[2] 张琪[2] 奚有为[2] 赵晓艺[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学,上海200092 [2]上海市园林科学研究所,上海200232

出　　处：《林业科学》2007年第A01期89-94,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：上海市建设委员会绿化管理局专项(ZX050205);上海市科委标准专项(05DZ05041)

摘　　要：对上海新建的18块绿地319个土壤样品的调查分析显示,上海新建城市绿地土壤质量存在以下一些共性:pH呈碱性或强碱性;电导率(EC值)和有机质含量偏低;土壤密度偏高,42.45%的土壤大于1.35Mg.m-3;土壤通气性差,83.2%的土壤通气孔隙度<5%;土壤阳离子含量适中,其中水解性氮和有效磷含量低,但速效钾含量适中;土壤质地基本为壤质土。土壤质量是限制上海新建城市绿地植物生长和生态景观效果发挥的主要限制因子之一,针对上海城市土壤存在问题,建议从城市土壤标准建立、采样方法、测试方法、植物营养平衡、土壤安全性、土壤改良与废弃物利用、管理对策等几个方面提高城市绿地的土壤质量。Investigation of the soil quality of 319 samples from 18 newly-established green belts of Shanghai shows that the soil in newly-established green belts has some common properties, pH value is alkaline or strong alkaline, and the electroconductivity （EC） and the amount of organic matter are low. The soil is of high bulk density, in which 42.45 % is larger than 1.35 Mg·m^-3. The soil aeration is poor, in which 83.2% is lower than 5% . The cation exchange capacity is suitable, in which the amount of hydrolyzable nitrogen and phosphorus are low but the amount of rapidly available potassium is suitable. Most soils are loam. The soil quality is one of the most important factors that limit the growth of plants and the effect of landscaping and ecology of green belts. For above problems, we should improve the soil quality in the following aspects： establishment of the municipal standard for soil quality, sampling methods, analysis methods, plant nutrition balance, soil safety, soil remediation and waste utilization, administrative strategy and so on.

关 键 词：上海 绿地 土壤质量 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S731.2