津郊潮土磷素组成及其演变规律的定位研究  

LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON COMPONENTS AND CHANGES OF PHOSPHORUS IN FLUVO-AQUIC SOIL OF TIANJIN SUBURBS

作　　者：姚炳贵[1] 姚丽竹[1] 王萍[1] 张玺[1] 王德芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市土壤肥料研究所,300192

出　　处：《土壤学报》1997年第3期286-294,共9页Acta Pedologica Sinica

摘　　要：本文从1979－1993年研究了长期定位施肥对津郊潮土磷素组成及其演变规律的影响。结果表明潮土磷的组成以无机磷为主，其中又以磷酸钙盐最多，其次是闭蓄态磷酸盐，而磷酸铝盐与铁盐所占比例很少。长期定位施肥对潮上速效磷影响显著，变幅也最大，并以化肥的影响高于有机肥。研究表明，化学磷肥的施用与原则显著地左右着速效磷的升降，在平均施人或亏缺磷素45kg／ha左右时，则土壤速效磷约升降1mg／kg。潮土速效磷的累积与下降呈现阶段性，一般开始1－2年变幅大，其后6－8年时间保持稳定变化，当升降到某一定值后，变化显著变小。小麦、夏玉米连作每公顷产11400公斤，平均每生产100公斤籽实，施磷1．2公斤，在15年中可保持土壤磷素平衡。Effect of long-term fertilizahon on components and changes of phosphorus influvcraquic soil was studied in Tianjin during 1979- 1993. Results showed thatinorganic phosphorus was predominanL in which Ca-P occupied the largest percentage,O-P was second only to Ca-P and only small part was the Al-P and Fe-P. Long-term fertilizahon could significantly influence both the content of soil available P and the range of itS changes. The effects of chemical phosphorus were more obvious than those of organic sources. The increasing and decreasing of soil available P depended heavily on whether chemical phosphorus was applied or not,soil available p increased or decreased at the rate of 1 mg / kg when 45kg P / ha was added or removed. In addition, our study also suggested that the changes of soil available P differed with the periods of experiment at time. Generally speaking, soil available P changed largely in the first two years, and the changes became smaller in the later 6-8 years, finally it remained in a normal value with quite small changes. Soil phosphorus could be balanced in 15 years when l8 kg / ha. year P2O5 was applied for per 100 kg of grain yield under the wheat-corn cropping system with the grain yield of 11400kg / ha in total.

关 键 词：土壤 长期定位 潮土 磷素演变与平衡 

分 类 号：S155.54[农业科学—土壤学] S158.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]