前臂中下段尺神经血供的显微解剖学研究  

Clinical significance of the relation between ulnar nerve and ulnar artery in lower-middle forearm

作　　者：贾连军[1] 王东[2] 尹芸生[2] 殷凤仪[3] 赵海宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学附属大同市第三人民医院骨病科,山西大同037008 [2]山西医科大学第二临床医学院,山西太原030001 [3]山西省大同大学医学院,山西大同037009

出　　处：《临床和实验医学杂志》2007年第11期17-19,21,共4页Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究前臂中下段尺神经与尺动脉的关系,从血供的角度来分析尺神经恢复欠佳的原因。方法用20例成人尸体上肢,经肘上肱动脉灌注带红色颜料的乳胶液,使前臂动脉及其细小分支充盈着色,在XSQ-II型手术显微镜下解剖和观察了与尺动脉伴行的尺神经的营养动脉,以及营养动脉的来源动脉,营养动脉的支数,外径、长度、入干方向和入干形式。同时,解剖出前臂正中神经,观察在大体标本上,尺神经与正中神经血供的不同之处。之后行尺神经连续横断面切片,观察尺神经的内部血运。结果与尺动脉伴行的那一段尺神经,其营养动脉均来自于伴行的尺动脉及其发出的分支。营养动脉平均支数为7.2±1.32支。长度为6.64±3.01mm,外径为0.32±0.01mm。主要从尺神经外侧进入神经干,占51.86%,入干形式主要以升降支最多,占63.19%。尺神经节段性、非定点地接受伴行尺动脉的血供,缺乏完整的滋养血管系统。内部未见到有其他来源的贯穿尺神经全长的滋养血管。而正中神经可有发达的贯穿正中神经全长的滋养血管。结论前臂中下段尺神经的血供来源于伴行的尺动脉,血运呈节段性的分布,尺动脉损伤影响尺神经的恢复,应重视对尺动脉的修复。Objective To study the relation between ulnar nerve and ulnar artery in lower - middle forearm and to investigate the reasons why ulnar nerve cant recover very well from the point of blood supply. Methods Forearms of 20 adult cadavers were filled with latex through brachial artery. Under XSQ - Ⅱ operative microscope, nutrient arteries of ulnar nerve accompanied by ulnar artery and original arteries of nutrient arteries were dissected and its numbers, exterior diameter, length, form and direction in which nutrient arteries entered ulnar nerve were investigated and measured. Then median nerve in the forearm was dissected. The difference of blood supply between ulnar nerve and median nerve was observed. Finally continuous cress sections of ulnar nerve were made and internal blood supply of ulnar nerve was observed. Results Nutrient arteries of ulnar nerve in lower - middle forearm arose from ulnar artery accompanied by ulnar nerve and its branches. The average number of nutrient arteries was 7.2 ± 1.32, its length was 6.64 ± 3.01 mm and its exterior diameter was 0.32 ± 0.01 mm. Nutrient arteries mostly entered ulnar nerve from radial surface（51.86% ） and in the form of going - up and going down（63.19% ）. Ulnar nerve accepted blood supply from ulnar artery in unfixed position and it had no complete blood supply system, while median nerve had complete blood supply system. Concluslon Blood supply of ulnar nerve in lower - middle forearm is from its accompanied ulnar artery. Injury of ulnar artery affect restoration of ulnar nerve. So we should pay more attention to the restoration of ulnar artery.

关 键 词：尺神经 尺动脉 神经血供 营养动脉 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]