华北石质山区山茱萸人工林蒸腾特征及水分供求关系  

Transpiration Variation and Relationship between Supply and Demand of Water for Cornus officinalis Plantations in the Rocky Mountainous Area of North China

作　　者：王鹤松[1] 孟平[1] 张劲松[1] 高峻[1] 贾长荣 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]河南省济源市国有大沟河林场,济源454650

出　　处：《林业科学》2007年第10期14-18,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30417371);科技部公益性项目(2003DIB4J142);国家"十一五"攻关课题(2006BAD03A11)部分研究内容

摘　　要：于2005年及2006年主要生长季节(4—9月),采用由热扩散植物液流技术测算得到的蒸腾速率数据,结合同步观测得到降雨量,分析华北石质山区15年生山茱萸人工林耗水规律及水分供求关系。结果表明:1)山茱萸人工林蒸腾量呈现出明显的日际变化或月变化特征。表现为4—5月逐渐升高、6月左右达到高峰值、7月以后逐渐降低。2005年及2006年4—9月蒸腾总量分别为265.3和194.9mm,4—9月各月蒸腾总量占蒸腾总量的比例在2005年分别为10.7%、22.3%、21.6%、21.2%、12.9%和11.2%,在2006年分别为16.2%、20.2%、20.3%、17.9%、13.6%和11.2%;2)蒸腾与冠层太阳总辐射、空气温度、湿度及风速等微气象要素有很好的复相关性(α=0.01),偏相关系数表明,各月内影响蒸腾的最主要微气象因子都是冠层太阳总辐射;3)4—9月降雨总量与蒸腾总量的比值(R/Tr)>1.0,且除4月外,其他各月R/Tr也大于或接近于1.0,说明除4月外,降水可以满足山茱萸人工林蒸腾耗水的需要。The transpiration variation and relationship between supply and demand of water for the Comus officinalis plantations in the rocky mountainous area of north China were analyzed through the experimental data of the C. officinalis plantations sap flow and rainfall, which was measured by thermal dissipation sap flow velocity probe and meteorology automatic monitoring system respectively .The trees were 15 years old. The experiment was conducted in April to September of 2005 and 2006. The aim of this study is to provide the essential evidence about water ecology for developing C. officinalis plantations in the area. The results as follows： 1） The daily variations of transpiration（Tr） is characterized with that Tr rises gradually in April, and reaches a peak during about June, falls down readily in July. In 2005 and 2006, the total Tr （ToTr） was 265.3 and 194.9 mm in the main season（April to September）,respectively. In April, May, June, July, August and September, the ratio of the monthly Tr to ToTr is 10.7%, 22.3%, 21.6%, 21.2%, 12.9% and 11.2% in 2005. Respectively, 16.2%, 20.2%, 20.3%, 17.9%, 13.6%and 11.2% in 2006. 2） In all months during the growth season of 2005 and 2006, Tr showed significantly compound correlated with the solar radiation （ R, ）, air temperature, humidity, and wind speed over the canopy（ α = 0.01 ）, and R, is the most important micro-meteorology factor effecting on Tr through comparing the partial coefficient; 3） In terms of an whole growth season, the ratio of rainfall to transpiration is more than 1.0. So, there was no water supply and demand conflict, or water shortage and water stress as for the main growth season in the experiment area.

关 键 词：山茱萸人工林 蒸腾 水分供求关系 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]