生态肥与化肥配施对水稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响  

Effects of Application of Ecological Fertilizer Combined with Chemical Fertilizer on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

作　　者：朱练峰[1] 禹盛苗[1] 欧阳由男[1] 康文启[1] 董成琼[1] 许德海[1] 金千瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2007年第6期631-636,共6页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：浙江省科技资助项目(2003C32062)

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了"绿营高TM"生态肥与化肥不同比例配施对水稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响。配施绿营高生态肥各处理分蘖增长平缓,成穗率高,而对照(单施化肥)分蘖前期分蘖发生快,无效分蘖多。生态肥与化肥配施各处理灌浆期叶面积指数和干物质积累量明显高于对照,使汕优63增产6.40%～9.53%,秀水63增产6.70%～9.52%,差异均达5%显著水平,不同配施处理间产量差异不显著。汕优63和秀水63生态肥配施各处理的氮肥农学效率和氮肥回收效率均显著高于对照,表明合理配施生态肥可以促进水稻健壮生长,中后期可提供较多的养分,增加灌浆期绿叶面积,促进光合产物向籽粒转运,增加干物质产量和稻谷产量,而且还可以减少氮肥施用量,提高氮肥利用效率。To test the effects of application of ecological fertilizer NutriSmartTM combined with chemical fertilizer （NSCF） on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency, a field experiment was carried out in Hangzhou, China. Under NSCF treatments a gently increase in the number of tillers and a higher percentage of effective tillers were noted while under the control （chemical fertilizers only） treatment, the number of tillers increased rapidly with more unproductive tillers. The grain yields in NSCF treatments increased significantly by 6.40% to 9.53% （in Shanyou 63） and 6.70% to 9.52% （in Xiushui 63） compared to the control, with no significant differences in grain yields among NSCF treatments. Agronomic nitrogen use efficiency （ANUE, being difference in grain yields between nitrogen and non-nitrogen treated plots divided by N applied） and fertilizer nitrogen recovery efficiency （NUE, being difference in N uptakes between nitrogen and non-nitrogen treated plots divided by N applied） in each NSCF treatment of Shanyou 63 and Xiushui 63 were significantly higher than those of the control. It could be concluded that rational application NSCF contributed to an early vigorous growth of rice, a sufficient supply of nutrients during the middle-late growth period, an increase in green leaf area during the grain filling period, accelerating the translocation of the photosynthates to panicles and grains, and finally enhancing the total dry matter production and the grain yield. Meanwhile, rational application NSCF could reduce the application of N fertilizer on rice and improve the n;hrogen use efficiency.

关 键 词：水稻 生态肥 化肥 产量 氮肥利用效率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]