猪日粮有效磷水平对氮磷排放的影响  

Effect of Available phosphorus Level in the Diets of Pigs on N and P Pollutant in Excrement

作　　者：吴信[1] 张永刚[1] 燕富永[1] 李铁军[1] 印遇龙[1] 黄瑞林[1] 范明哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态重点实验室

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2007年第5期62-67,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-SW-323);国家973项目(2004CB117502);国家自然科学基金项目(30528006;30371038);中国科学院海外杰出学者基金(2005-1-7;2005-1-4)资助

摘　　要：本研究采用4×4拉丁方设计,选用4头52kg左右的健康三元杂交阉公猪(杜×长×大),以玉米—豆粕型基础日粮(不添加磷酸氢钙,日粮1)为对照,试验日粮分别添加磷酸氢钙0.12%(日粮2)、0.24%(日粮3)和0.36%(日粮4),相应的日粮有效磷(AP)水平分别为0.13%、0.15%、0.17%和0.19%。每期试验12d,预饲期5d,正试期3d,每期试验结束后有4d的恢复期。通过氮、磷平衡试验研究猪对磷、氮的利用率及其对环境的影响。结果表明:日粮1、日粮2、日粮3和日粮4的磷真消化率分别为53.00%、53.78%、65.19%和68.09%;粪磷的排泄量随食入磷量的减少而降低,氮的排泄量与氮表观消化率受日粮磷水平的影响不显著(P>0.05);综合评价,磷酸氢钙的添加水平为0.12%～0.24%的效果较好,即AP在0.15%～0.17%之间,在不影响猪氮、磷营养需要的条件下,能有效的改善猪排泄物中氮、磷对环境的污染。The experiment was conducted with growing pigs according to 4 × 4 Latin square design. Four barrows, average body initial weight about 52kg, were fed four diets in stainless cages individually. Dicalcium phosphate was used as the most of inorganic phosphorus source in the soybean meal diets and the supplemental level was 0%, 0.12%, 0.24% and 0.36% respectively, and the four cornstarch-based diets containing four levels of AP（0. 13%（Diet1）, 0. 15%（Diet2）, 0.17%（Diet3） and 0.19%（Diet4））. Each experimental period comprised 12d with 5d adaptation and 3d fecal samples. By N and P equilibrium and their outputs, the digestibility of N and P of pigs and the effects on environment were studied. The results showed that the true P digestibility in dietl, diet2, diet3 and diet4 were 53.00%, 53.78%, 65.19% and 68.09% respectively; and fecal P outputs reduced as the dietary inputs of P falled. There was no significant difference in N equilibrium and apparent N digestibility （ P 〉 0.05 ） when the level of P in the diet changed, but the values indicted a detracted trend. All of the experimental values from the balance of N and P in diets suggested the proper level of Dicalcium phosphate was 0.12%-0. 24%, which could reduce the pollution of N and P in feces of pigs on environment.

关 键 词：有效磷 真消化率 环境 生长猪 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]