马唐牧草红壤氮肥的氨挥发、径流和淋溶损失  

N-LOSS THROUGH VOLATILIZATION,RUNOFF AND LEACHING FROM RED SOIL PLANTED WITH DIGITARIA ISCHAEMUM

作　　者：周静[1] 崔键[2] 胡锋[1] 王国强[1] 马友华[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院 [2]安徽农业大学资源与环境科学学院

出　　处：《土壤学报》2007年第6期1076-1082,共7页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40305019);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-413)资助

摘　　要：探讨了我国南方红壤上种植牧草马唐施不同量氮肥,施氮量与土壤氨挥发、径流和1 m深土壤淋溶损失氮量的关系。结果表明,在施用N 90、160、230 kg hm-2尿素处理下,土壤氨挥发损失量分别为N0.67、1.24和5.16 kg hm-2,分别占施氮量的0.74%0、.77%和2.24%,土壤氨挥发损失量(y)与施氮量(x)呈指数递增关系:y=0.156 3e0.014 6x;径流氮素损失量分别为N 1.05、0.88和1.01 kg hm-2,分别占施氮量的1.17%、0.55%和0.44%,径流损失的氮量与施氮量之间无明显相关性;淋溶损失总氮量为2.05、2.86和4.09kg hm-2,分别占施氮量的0.91%、1.02%和1.24%,土壤淋溶损失总氮量(y)与施氮量(x)呈线性递增关系:y=0.012 2x+1.087 7。Relationship was explored of N loss through ammonia volatilization, runoff and soil leaching （at the depth of 1 m in the soil profile） with nitrogen （urea） application rate in red soil planted with Smooth Crabgrass （Digitaria ischaemum） . Results show that N lost through ammonia volatilization in Treatments N 90, N 160 and N 230 （kg hm^-2） reached 0.67, 1.24 and 5.16 kg hm^-2, respectively, accounting for 0.74%, 0.77% and 2.24% of the total N applied, showing a rising exponential relationship between the total amount of N lost through ammonia volatilization （y） and the N application rate （x） （y = 0. 156 3e^0.0146x）. The amount of N lost through runoff was N 1.05, 0.88 and 1.01 kg hm^-2, accounting for 1.17 %, 0.55 % and 0.44 % of the total N applied, respectively, in the three N treatments. There was no significant relationship between the total amount of N lost through runoff and the N application rate during the growth stage of Smooth Crabgrass. In this experiment, the amount of N lost through leaching was 2.05, 2.86 and 4.09 kg hm^-2, which accounted for 0.91%, 1.02% and 1.24% of N applied, respectively, showing an approximate linear relationship between the total amount of N lost through soil leaching （y） and the amount of N applied （x） （y = 0.012 2x ＋ 1.087 7）.

关 键 词：红壤 马唐 施氮量 氮损失 

分 类 号：S14[农业科学—肥料学] S15[农业科学—农业基础科学]