香蕉愈伤组织及体细胞胚诱导过程中的组织学观察  

Histological observation on the callus and somatic embryo induction in banana (Musa AAA)

作　　者：冯新富[1] 谢丽君[2] 陈厚彬[1] 李华平[2] 徐春香[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学热带亚热带果树研究室 [2]华南农业大学植物病毒研究室

出　　处：《果树学报》2007年第6期788-791,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(05006658;07006698);广东省科技攻关(2002A208010202;2006A20201007;C20209)

摘　　要：将巴西蕉(Musa AAA Cavendish)的未成熟雄花接种在MI培养基(MS+4mg/L2,4-D+1mg/L生物素+1mg/LIAA+1mg/LNAA+100mg/L谷胺酰氨+100mg/L麦芽抽提物+30g/L蔗糖+7.5g/L琼脂粉)上进行愈伤组织诱导,对愈伤组织诱导过程中的各个阶段进行组织学观察。结果表明,未成熟雄花外植体脱分化的起始部位是表皮下层的维管组织细胞,启动时间为外植体接种后4～5周;外植体接种8周后获得分生小球体;胚性愈伤组织形成于分生小球体的表面,主要由具有细胞核和核仁比大、细胞质丰富的胚性细胞组成。随着培养时间的延长,胚性愈伤组织的表面形成一些由多细胞组成的体细胞原胚,有时还可观察到二分体的存在,这表明香蕉体细胞胚可能是单细胞起源的。Immature male flowers of banana cultivar Baxijiao （Musa AAA Cavendish） were inoculated on MI medium （MS ＋ 4 mg/L 2,4-D ＋ 1 mg/L biotin ＋ 1 mg/L IAA ＋ 1 mg/L NAA ＋ 100 mg/L glutamine ＋ 100 mg/L malt extract ＋ 30 g/L sucrose＋ 7.5 g/L agar） for induction of callus and somatic embryos. Histological observation with the method of paraffin slice was carfled out during the process of callus induction. The results showed that the callus initiated from the vascular 4 to 5 weeks after inoculation of the explants. Meristematic globules could be observed 8 weeks after inoculation. Embryogenic callus was formed on the surface of meristematic globules and mainly consisted of embryogenic cells which contained rather large nucleus with high nucleole ratio and had abundant cytoplasm. Embryogenic cell mass on the surface of embryogenic callus continued to divide and developed further into somatic pro-embryos with several cells. Once in a while, dyad could be observed on the surface of embryogenic callus, which indicated that the somatic embryos were possibly initiated from single cells.

关 键 词：香蕉 愈伤组织 体细胞胚诱导 组织学 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]