陕西杨凌近30年来日本樱花花期的演变及其指示意义  

Evolution of the florescence of Japanese flowering cherry and its indication meanings in the last 30 years in Yangling Shaanxi

作　　者：罗佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第11期165-170,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270766)

摘　　要：为了揭示日本樱花花期演变的特点及其与春温、植物生育期变化的关系,从1979-2006年近30年来,对陕西杨凌日本樱花花期进行了连续观测,统计分析了日本樱花花期序列,花期和春温的关系以及其与小麦生育期的相关关系。结果表明,近30年来,日本樱花花期有随时间推移逐渐提早的趋势,20世纪90年代的平均开花始期、盛期均较80年代提早1 d,进入21世纪以来提早明显加快,其平均开花始期、盛期均较20世纪90年代提早9 d。20世纪80和90年代,日本樱花最早和最晚花期相差21 d,到21世纪10年代,相差仅15-17 d,花期的变动明显趋于稳定。陕西杨凌早春和整个春季的气温均与日本樱花花期呈极显著负相关,日本樱花开花盛期与小麦抽穗期、开花期、乳熟期呈极显著相关,与小麦蜡熟期、成熟期呈显著相关。说明日本樱花花期变化和春温升高密切相关,是全球气候变暖的又一具体表现。根据日本樱花花期能较好预报小麦等农作物生长后期各生育期的变化,可以提早安排小麦授粉杂交、后代选择、后期栽培管理等一系列农事活动,对整个农业生产具有重要作用。　The florescence of Japanese flowering cherry in the last 30 years in Yangling,Shaanxi has been observed continuously to reveal the evolution characteristics of the florescence of Japanese flowering cherry and the relationships between the florescence and spring temperature,plant growing period.By the statistical analysis of the florescence ordinal number of Japanese flowering cherry and the relative analysis between the florescence and spring temperature,wheat growing period,results showed that there existed a trend that the florescence of Japanese flowering cherry was earlier in the process of time in the last 30 years and average first flowering period,and full flowering period in the 90＇s of the 20 th century were 1 d earlier than that in the 80＇s of the 20 th century,especially the florescence＇s preact was faster in evidence from 21 st century,and average first flowering period,full flowering period in the 10＇s of the 21 st century were 9 d earlier than that in the 90＇s of the 20 th century.Differences in day number between the earliest and the latest florescences were respectively 21 d in the 80＇s and 90＇s of the 20 th century and 15-17 d alone in the 10＇s of 21 st,so changes of the florescence tended obviously to stableness in the process of time.Relationships between early spring temperature,spring temperature and the florescence of Japanese flowering cherry reached respectively a very negative significant level,and relationships between the full flowering period of Japanese flowering cherry and the heading stage,flowering stage,milk stage of wheat reached respectively a very significant level,and relationships between the former and the wax ripeness sage,ripening stage of wheat reached respectively a significant level.The changes were related closely to spring temperature rise,which was a reflection of the global climate warming in Yangling.The advance in date on the florescence of Japanese flowering cherry had an important indication meanings,namely,it not only can forecast preferably

关 键 词：陕西杨凌 日本樱花 花期 春温 小麦生育期 

分 类 号：S162.5[农业科学—农业气象学]