岔巴沟流域泥沙输移比时空分异特征及影响因素  

Temporal and Spatial Variations of Sediment Delivery Ratio and Its Influencing Factors in Chabagou Watershed

作　　者：刘纪根[1] 蔡强国[2] 张平仓[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院 水土保持研究所,湖北武汉430010 [2]中国科学院 地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2007年第5期6-10,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：长江科学院博士科研启动金;国家自然科学基金"流域侵蚀产沙过程中的尺度转换及模型研究"(40271075);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目"水蚀预报模型研究";中科院地理科学与资源研究所知识创新工程项目(CXIOG-A00-05-02)资助

摘　　要：本文以团山沟单元小流域作为流域系统产沙的源地,将其它中小流域输沙模数与单元小流域侵蚀模数之比定义为泥沙输移比,系统的研究了岔巴沟流域次暴雨泥沙输移比的时空变化特征及降水水文影响因子和地貌形态因子的综合影响。研究发现,从长远来看,流域系统的侵蚀与产沙可达到平衡,但就次降雨或年度而言,流域系统经常处于泥沙滞留和滞留的泥沙重新侵蚀搬运的状态,降雨量、径流系数、降雨时间、水流平均含沙量能很好的表达岔巴沟各流域次暴雨泥沙输移比,在考虑地貌形态因子的影响后,得到了岔巴沟流域次暴雨泥沙输移比的降水水文因子与地貌形态因子关系的综合表达式。Tuanshangou unit watershed was selected to be the sediment yield source. The ratio of transported sediment modulus from a medium or small watershed to erosion modulus of the unit watershed was defined as sediment delivery ratio. Temporal and spatial variations of sediment delivery ratio from a single rainstorm and integrated effects of rainfall hydrological factors and topography factors were studied systematically. Resuits showed that from a long-term perspective, soil erosion and sediment yield of watersheds may reach a balance, but from a single rainstorm or one year perspective, watersheds were characterized by alternative deposition, erosion and transportation of sediment. Rainfall, runoff coefficient, rainfall duration and average sediment content in runoff can well express sediment delivery ratio for a single rainstorm in Chabagou watershed. After topographic factors were incorporated, an integrated expression of rainfall hydrological factors and topographic factors was founded for sediment delivery ratio from a single rainstorm in Chabagou watershed.

关 键 词：泥沙输移比 次暴雨 地貌形态因子 降水水文因子 

分 类 号：P333.4[天文地球—水文科学]