普氏原羚昼间行为时间分配的研究  

STUDIES ON THE DIURNAL ACTIVITIES AND TIME BUDGETS OF PRZEWALSKI′S GAZELLE

作　　者：陈立伟[1] 冯祚建[1] 蔡平[2,3] 李永波 陈洪舰 蒋志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所 [2]青海省野生动物管理办公室 [3]青海省地方病防治研究所

出　　处：《兽类学报》1997年第3期172-183,17-24,共12页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：中国野生动物保护协会资助

摘　　要：在春（３～４月）、夏（６～７月）、秋（９～１０月）３个季节内对３８５只次个体进行了２３１０９２ｓ（６４．１９ｈ）目标观察。对普氏原羚季节间的行为差异做了比较和方差分析：春、夏及春、秋两季间的采食时间比例差异显著（分别为Ｄ＝０．１９６７＞Ｄ０．０５及Ｄ＝０．２５５６＞Ｄ０．０５）；移动时间比例在夏季与秋季间的差异极显著（Ｄ＝０．０５６８６＞Ｄ０．０１）；在春秋、夏秋间的站立凝视时间比例的差异极显著（分别为Ｄ＝０．１０７８４＞Ｄ０．０１及Ｄ＝０．０７８８２＞Ｄ０．０１）；This paper presents some recent results on the diurnal activities and time budgets of Przewalski's gazelle, an endangered species which is only distributed around Qinghai Lake. We conducted target objective observation on the gazelle which totalled 385 individual time with 64.19 hours in Spring (Mar.～Apri.), Summer(Jun.～Jul.)and Autumn(Sep.～Oct.). The results of analysis show that the activity of Procapra przewalskii varies among the different seasons, and has relation to both sunrise and sunset. For example, in Spring, their activities take 10 hours every day, from 7∶00 to 17∶00 (Sunrise: 7∶28 a.m.; Sunset: 17∶20 p.m. ); and 13～15 hours per day, from 7∶00 to 20∶30 (Sunrise: 6∶40 a.m., Sunset: 20∶46 p.m.) ,as well as 12 hours, from 7∶00～19∶00 (Sunrise: 7∶02 a.m., Sunset: 18∶50 p.m. ) in the Summer and Autumn respectively. The activities of the Przewalski′s gazelle are divided into 5 categories in this study: Feeding, Moving, Standing and Gazing, Bedding and Other Activities. In spring, the major behavior of the animal was feeding, the time budget of feeding occupied 65 56% of all diurnal time and showed three peaks: morning (7∶00～9∶00; 68 07%～73 47%) , afternoon (13∶00～14∶00; 83 94%) and dusk (15∶00～17∶00; 98 57%～84 93%). Meanwhile, the moving occupied 5 17%, standing and gazing time was 2 67%, bedding time was 26 55% and other activities, 0 03%. In Summer, feeding behavior remained a major activity and showed three peaks : afternoon (13∶00～14∶00; 81 93%), late afternoon (16∶00～17∶00; 78 15%) and one hour before sunset (18∶00～19∶00; 60 77%). However, the proportion decreased greatly, only 45 91% of all diurnal time, and exhibited prominent alternation with another major behavior—bedding (45 24%). Moving occupied 2 94%, standing and gazing, 5 57% and other activities, 0 79%. In Autumn, the proportion of feeding time decreased continuously, but the behavior still played the most important role (4

关 键 词：普氏原羚 行为 时间分配 活动格局 

分 类 号：S865.31[农业科学—野生动物驯养]