川楝子不同提取部位药效及毒性的比较研究  

Compared Studies on the Effect and Toxicity of Extractions of Fructus Meliae Toosendan in Mice

作　　者：程蕾[1] 雷勇[1] 梁媛媛[1] 唐大轩[1] 黄莉[2] 谭正怀[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省中药研究所,四川成都610041 [2]云南大理学院,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中药材》2007年第10期1276-1279,共4页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：四川省中医药管理局重大招标项目(2004A65)

摘　　要：目的:探讨川楝子不同提取部位的部分药效和急性毒性作用。方法:采用冰乙酸或甲醛致痛复制小鼠疼痛模型,角叉菜胶致足肿胀和二甲苯致耳肿胀等炎症模型,对川楝子的乙酸乙酯提取物、石油醚提取物、80%乙醇提取物及水提取物的镇痛和抗炎等作用进行了研究。结果:川楝子乙酸乙酯提取物40 g/kg剂量能显著抑制冰乙酸所致小鼠扭体反应和甲醛所致鼠足疼痛反应,减轻二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳廓肿胀度,并可显著增加小鼠的睾丸重量,减轻其体重;川楝子乙醇提取物20 g/kg剂量组能显著降低角叉菜所致诱导的小鼠足肿胀程度及二甲苯诱导的耳廓肿胀度;川楝子石油醚提取物对甲醛所致的疼痛反应有明显的抑制作用,同时还可显著增加小鼠睾丸和肾上腺指数;川楝子水提物无明显镇痛和抗炎作用。测得小鼠灌服川楝子乙酸乙酯提取物的LD50为82.85 g/kg。未测出其它溶媒提取物对小鼠的LD50,测得小鼠灌胃川楝子石油醚提取物、酒精提取物及水提物的最大耐受量分别为:133.2 g/kg,122.0 g/kg,52.0 g/kg。在此剂量下各组动物均未出现明显异常。结论:川楝子乙酸乙酯提取物具有显著的抗炎和镇痛作用,同时也有较强的急性毒性作用;提示川楝子的有效成分可能在乙酸乙酯提取物部分,其毒性成分和有效物质可能为同一类物质。Ohjective ： To evaluate the effect and acute toxicity of different extraction of Fructus Meliae Toosendan. Methods ： Sampies were extracted from Fructus Meliae Toosendan using petroleum ether （ Ⅰ ）, ethyl aeetate （ Ⅱ ） , 80% alcohol （Ⅲ） or water （ Ⅳ ） . Mice writhing response were induce hy ip 0. 9% acetic acid and foot ache were induced by se formaldehyde. Mice＇s feet or ears were smeared by scearrageenin or dimethylbenzene. And the effects of these samples were evaluated on these models. Results： The sample Ⅱ 40 g/kg significantly decreased the writhing response induced by acetic acid and relieved mice foot pain induced by formaldehyde, inhibited the swelling of mice ear induced by dimethylhenzene. It markedly decreased the body weight and increased the index of testes in mice. The sample Ⅲ 20g/kg inhibited foot swelling induced hy carrageenin and ear swelling induced by dimethylbenzene in mice. The sample Ⅰ significantly relieved the foot pain induced by formaldehyde, increased the indexes of testis and adrenal gland in mice. The sample Ⅳ had no action on pain or inflammatory in mice. The LD50 of the sample Ⅱ was 82. 85 g/kg. And ig the sample Ⅰ 133.2 g/kg, sample Ⅲ 122. 0 g/kg or sainple Ⅳ 52.0 g/kg could not induce mice to death. Conclusion： The sample Ⅱ has anti-inflammatory and antalgic action. But it also has serious acute toxicity. These results show that the efficacious component of Fructus Meilae Toosendan may exist in the ethyl acetate extraction, The toxicity and efficacious component may be the same material.

关 键 词：川楝子 镇痛作用 抗炎作用 急性毒性 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]