季铵化壳聚糖催化环氧丙烷与CO_2合成碳酸丙烯酯  

Synthesis of Propylene Carbonate from CO_2 and Propylene Oxide Catalyzed by Quaternized Chitosan

作　　者：赵元[1] 漆新华[1] 何良年[2] 庄源益[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院 [2]南开大学元素有机化学国家重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《石油化工》2007年第11期1148-1151,共4页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20472030;20421202);天津市自然科学基金项目(05YFJMJC00800)

摘　　要：采用化学键合法,将季铵盐分子负载到生物高分子壳聚糖上,制备了季铵化壳聚糖催化剂,并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱对催化剂进行了表征。表征结果显示,季铵盐羟丙基三甲基氯化铵通过共价键与壳聚糖氨基上的氮原子结合。将该催化剂用于催化环氧丙烷与CO2合成碳酸丙烯酯(PC),考察了反应时间、反应压力和反应温度对PC收率和选择性的影响。在反应温度160℃、反应时间6h、催化剂用量1mmol、环氧丙烷4mL的条件下,PC的收率达98%、选择性达99%。反应压力对PC的收率和选择性影响不大。催化剂循环使用5次后,PC的选择性变化不大,PC的收率略有下降。A biopolymer catalyst, chitosan - quaternary ammonium salt, was prepared by covalently linking quaternary ammonium salt molecule onto support chitosan. The prepared catalyst was characterized by means of FTIR. Results confirmed that chemical bonds formed between hydropropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and amido group of chitosan. Chitosan - quaternary ammonium salts were used as catalysts to synthesize propylene carbonate from propylene oxide and CO2 by cycloaddition reaction. Effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and pressure on the synthesis were investigated. Under conditions of 160℃ ,6 h, 1 mmol catalyst and 4 mL propylene oxide, yield to propylene carbonate is 98% and selectivity to it is 99%. CO2 pressure has hardly effect on both the yield and the selectivity. After the catalyst was reused for five times, yield to propylene carbonate only slightly declined while selectivity to it kept at high level.

关 键 词：环氧丙烷 二氧化碳 季铵化壳聚糖 多相催化 碳酸丙烯酯 

分 类 号：TQ225.52[化学工程—有机化工]