循环流化床垃圾焚烧锅炉炉膛设计分析  

On the Furnace Design of Calculation of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Fired Municipal Solid Waste

作　　者：刘青[1] 于海洋[1] 张守玉[2] 邢兴[1] 蒋文斌[1] 王暐[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学热能工程系,北京100084 [2]上海理工大学动力学院,上海200093

出　　处：《锅炉技术》2007年第6期20-25,共6页Boiler Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999022204)

摘　　要：炉膛是循环流化床垃圾焚烧炉的核心，分柝了生活垃圾的燃烧特点，研究了焚烧生活垃圾的循环流化床锅炉的炉膛设计的传热理论。根据对典型城市的生活垃圾的取样分析，建议设计中生活垃圾的低位发热量按着5400～6200kJ／kg考虑。为了保证污染物的生成较低，应保持合理的温度分布，循环流化床垃圾焚烧炉煤的掺烧量应随时调整。由于循环流化床燃烧特点，炉膛出口过剩空气系数可取1．2。燃烧生活垃圾的循环流化床锅炉炉内传热的辐射换热份额为60％左右，颗粒辐射的贡献远远大于三原子气体的贡献，因此，垃圾水分变化引起的烟气成分的变化对辐射换热的影响很小，但是对固体空间悬浮浓度的影响非常明显。The furnace is the key component of municipal solid waste （MSW） fired circulating fluidized bed boiler. The combustion process and characteristic of MSW under CFB is discussed, and the heat transfer in combustor of CFB is researched. The MSW were collected from some typical cities in China and measured, of which results suggest that the low heating value of MSW should be 5 400～6 200 kJ/kg in design. In order to decrease the emission form MSW fired CFB boiler, the temperature in main loop must be kept in uniform and high lever, which can be control by the ratio of coal in the fuel. The excess air coefficient at the exit of furnace could be 1.2 instead of 1.4 to 1.6. The radial fraction in heat transfer in CFB is quite lower compared with pulverized coal boiler, and the contribution of particle redial is prominent than that of ternary atom gas. Thus the effect of gas component caused by moisture in MSW on radial heat transfer could be ignored under CFB condition if the fluidized velocity and solid suspension density is same. However, in case the moisture in MSW increase, the total gas volume will increase and the fluidized velocity as well as the solid suspension density will increase, which will lead to the heat transfer increasing.

关 键 词：循环流化床锅炉 生活垃圾 燃烧特性 传热 炉膛设计 

分 类 号：TK229.66[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]