异地时钟同步与时间的度量  

The synchronization of clock rate at different places and the measurement of time

作　　者：赵峥[1] 田贵花[2] 高思杰[1] 刘辽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学物理系,北京100875 [2]北京邮电大学理学院,北京100876

出　　处：《大学物理》2007年第11期1-7,共7页College Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10475013;10373003;10375087);"九七三"国家重大基础研究规划资助项目(2003CB716300)

摘　　要：介绍了庞加莱等人关于"异地时钟同步"和"相继时间段(绵延)相等"的思考,介绍了爱因斯坦"约定"异地时钟"同时"的方案,以及朗道等人对该方案的发展.我们赞同庞加莱的设想,即对光速传播性质的约定是时间测量的基础,并指出对光速的约定相当于对时空对称性的约定.我们在"约定光速的基础上"给出了钟速同步具有传递性的条件,不仅解决了"异地坐标钟钟速同步"的定义问题,而且解决了"相继时间段相等"的定义问题,证实了庞加莱原初的猜想,简化了时间测量的理论基础.The issues about ＂the simultaneity of two events occurring at two different places＂ and ＂the equality of two durations＂ given by Poincaré and others are introduced. The programme defining simultaneity of clocks located at different places suggested by Einstein, and developed by Landau and others, is presented. We admire Poincaré＇s idea that the convention on the nature for light propagation is the foundation of the measurement of time, and we point out thai the convention on the light velocity is just the convention on the symmetries of space time. The condition on the transitivity of synchronization of clock rate is shown by us on the convention about the light velocity. With the condition, we not only answer the question about the definition of the synchronization of rate of clocks located at different places, but also find the solution to the definition of the equality of two durations. Poincaré＇ s original guess is confirmed. The theoretical foundation on the measurement of time is simplified.

关 键 词：同时性 钟速同步 绵延 时间的测量 光速 

分 类 号：O412.1[理学—理论物理]