太湖地区乌栅土稻田氨挥发损失的研究  

Ammonia volatilization in gleyed paddy field soils of Taihu Lake region

作　　者：张静[1] 王德建[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所常熟农业生态国家实验站

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2007年第6期84-87,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：中国科学院野外台站资金项目;中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KSCX2-YW-N-038)资助

摘　　要：采用连续气流密闭室法,探讨了苏南太湖地区乌栅土稻田3个不同施肥时期施用尿素后的NH3挥发损失规律、有机肥对NH3挥发的影响及稻田NH3挥发量与田面水中NH4＋-N浓度的相关性。结果表明,不同施肥处理2005年和2006年稻季NH3挥发量分别为8.2~28.7kg/hm^2和21.8~62.1kg/hm^2,各占尿素施用量的3.7%~8.8%和10.0%~18.9%。NH3挥发率以分蘖肥最高,穗肥最低,且挥发过程主要发生在施肥后的3d内。秸秆有激发尿素快速分解作用,但对NH3挥发总量影响不大。猪粪的促进生长作用较缓慢,但增加了NH3挥发量。稻田NH3挥发量与田面水中NH4＋-N浓度呈线性正相关,且达到极显著水平。An experiment was conducted under different amounts of fertilizer-N,straw and pig manure to study ammonia volatilization in gleyed paddy soils using continuous airflow method.Ammonia volatilization in 2005 and 2006 are 8.2～28.7kg/hm2 and 21.8～62.1kg/hm2 respectively,with NH3 loss to applied fertilizer-N of 3.7%～8.8% and 10.0%～18.9%,respectively.The highest ammonia volatilization loss occurs at top-dressing at tillering stage,while the lowest loss is at topdressing at panicle stage.Ammonia volatilization mainly happens within three days after fertilization.Straw accelerates short term urea hydroxylation, but does not significantly increase ammonia volatilization.Pig manure slowly promotes ammonia volatilization,but increases ammonia volatilization.A strong correlation exists between ammonia volatilization and NH＋4N concentration in surface water.

关 键 词：NH3挥发 乌栅土稻田 N肥用量 秸秆和猪粪 NH4+-N 

分 类 号：S143.15[农业科学—肥料学]