污泥-废糖蜜联合发酵培养Bt生物杀虫剂  

Utilization of Sewage Sludge and Waste Molasses for Production of Bacillus thuringiensis Based Biopesticide

作　　者：常明[1] 周顺桂[1,2] 卢娜[1] 倪晋仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境工程系,教育部水沙科学重点实验室,北京100871 [2]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广东省农业环境治理综合实验室

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第6期759-763,共5页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(5006694);广东省科技攻关(2005B10401008)资助项目

摘　　要：考察了城市污泥与废糖蜜联合发酵培养苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt)生物杀虫剂的可行性。作为污泥发酵的补充碳源,废糖蜜添加比例低于2.0%(质量比)时,对Bt的生长、代谢、晶体蛋白合成以及毒效有良好的促进作用,当添加比例高于2.0%时则表现出抑制作用。通过改变废糖蜜添加比例,获得污泥与废糖蜜的最佳配比:即在含固率为3%的污泥中添加1.5%(质量比)的废糖蜜。此配比对Bt生长代谢最为有利,活菌数与活芽孢数最大值可分别达到4.17×108和3.60×108CFU.mL-1,发酵48h后,发酵液中晶体蛋白产量约为1.96mg.mL-1,毒效788IU.μL-1,高于其他复配培养基。此外,本研究表明,晶体蛋白产量与发酵液生物毒效有显著相关性,晶体蛋白含量可作为一种简单可靠的Bt发酵性能表征指标,在Bt生产中有一定实用价值。Feasibility of combined fermentation of sewage sludge and waste molasses to Bacillus thuringiensis based biopesticide was studied. As a kind of useful supplemental carbon sources, waste molasses proved to be effective in promoting the growth and metabolism of Bacillus thuringiensis when the additive proportion was lower than 2.0%. Excessive molasses delayed the fermentation process and restrained the spores or crystals from maturing. The best combined medium was found to be sewage sludge （3% total solid） supplemented with 1.5 % molasses （w/w）. In this medium, the highest viable cells count （VC） and viable spores count （VS） could rise up to 4.17 ×10^8 CFU·mL^-1 and 3.60×10^8 CFU·mL^-1 , respectively. Both crystal protein concentration and entomotoxicity of this medium were also superior to other combined media at the end of fermentation, with the highest crystal protein yield of 1.96 mg· mL^-1 and entomotoxicity of 788 IU·μL^-1 , respectively. Moreover, significant correlation can be seen between the crystal protein yield and the entomotoxicity. Therefore, crystal protein yield can be used as a simple but reliable index for assessing the Bt fermentation process.

关 键 词：城市污泥 废糖蜜 晶体蛋白 杀虫毒效 

分 类 号：TQ453[化学工程—农药化工]